China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
History Stations
Published in Peter Kullar, Joseph Manjaly, Livy Kenyon, Joseph Manjaly, Peter Kullar, Joseph Manjaly, Peter Kullar, ENT OSCEs, 2023
Peter Kullar, Joseph Manjaly, Livy Kenyon, Joseph Manjaly, Peter Kullar, Joseph Manjaly, Peter Kullar
Tinnitus is perception of sound within the ear in the absence of any external sound. It is a very common complaint and it typically takes the form of a ringing noise. It is reported that one in three of the adult population have some tinnitus experience.
Tinnitus
Published in Alexander R. Toftness, Incredible Consequences of Brain Injury, 2023
Tinnitus is often thought of as ringing in the ears that occurs after hearing loud noises. However, tinnitus can be caused by a variety of things (e.g., loud noise, infections, brain tumors, a misaligned jaw, etc.) and may take a variety of phantom noise-forms. In an old but fascinating collection of tinnitus noise descriptions, one doctor wrote that the noise may resemble a “bee humming; noise of shell; horse out of breath, puffing; thumping noise; continual beating; crackling sounds in the head … furnace blowing; constant hammering; rushing water … railway whistling; distant thunder; chirping of birds; kettle boiling; waterfall; mill wheel; music; bells” (Jones et al., 1890, p. 668). Thus, pitch, volume, and annoyingness can all vary, with rare forms of tinnitus even resembling low voices or music. You know how annoying it is to be able to hear someone speaking, but to not be able to hear exactly what they are saying? Now imagine that happening all of the time, inside of your brain. There are milder forms of tinnitus from which you generally recover in short order and, as we will see, those cases are the lucky ones. Here, in this particular book, we will be discussing the more severe sort of tinnitus—that is, haunting noise that repeats over and over and over.
Tinnitus
Published in Charles Theisler, Adjuvant Medical Care, 2023
Tinnitus affects about 50 million Americans and usually occurs after the age of 50. Causes include chronic hearing loss, diseases of the ear or head, neck trauma, and acoustic trauma (exposure to loud noises). It can lead to problems getting to sleep and getting back to sleep, difficulty with concentration, poor work or school performance, frustration, anxiety, and depression. Medications such as aspirin, methotrexate or cisplatin, bumetanide, ethacrynic acid or furosemide (Lasix), and certain antidepressants can cause or worsen tinnitus.1
Comparative study of SSNHL with and without tinnitus: audiologic and hematologic differences
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica, 2023
Jung Min Kim, Hwa Sung Rim, Sung Soo Kim, Sang Hoon Kim, Jae Yong Byun, Seung Geun Yeo
The association between reduced afferent drive and increased central activity remains unclear. The activation of neural plasticity caused by hearing loss can alter the balance between inhibition and excitation, leading to an increase in spontaneous neural activity in the central auditory system by decreasing the afferent drive of auditory impulses. For neural plasticity to occur, there must be central activation and a reduction in the imbalance between inhibition and excitation. [4] Tinnitus is almost always triggered by hearing loss, but some patients with hearing loss do not present with symptoms of tinnitus. While certain studies have indicated that particular audiometric patterns are linked to tinnitus, [5] other studies have produced conflicting findings. There is uncertainty about the impact of tinnitus on the prognosis of individuals with hearing loss, but recent research has suggested a possible correlation between the existence of tinnitus and improved therapeutic outcomes. [5]
EEG signal classification of tinnitus based on SVM and sample entropy
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 2023
Mai Jianbiao, Wang Xinzui, Li Zhaobo, Liu Juan, Zhang Zhongwei, Fu Hui
Subjective tinnitus is a disease with a high prevalence and low cure rate, and its treatment is a worldwide challenge (Langguth et al. 2013). The prevalence of tinnitus increases with age (Nondahl et al. 2012), 12% to 30% of people experience tinnitus, 10-15% of people struggle with tinnitus for a long time (Silvano et al. 2015). 2% of them had their quality of life compromised, Severe cases may be associated with distress, worry, anxiety, depression, cognitive dysfunction, insomnia, stress and emotional exhaustion (Axelsson and Ringdahl 1989). The main clinical treatments for tinnitus are psychological counselling, behavioural cognitive therapy, dietary supplements, medication, masking therapy and habituation therapy, surgery and hearing aids (Shuo-Ying and Tian-Hong 2019). To date, no medical, neurological or neuropsychological therapy has been proven to be a universal cure for tinnitus (Roberts et al. 2012). This lack of standard methods of treatment can be considered as clear evidence of, demonstrates that subjective tinnitus is an unusually dynamic and complex phenomenon, diagnosis and treatment is a challenge. At this stage there is no objective and rapid way to diagnose, even no universal medicine or treatment.
ICF domains covered by the Tinnitus Questionnaire and Tinnitus Functional Index
Published in Disability and Rehabilitation, 2022
Annemarie van der Wal, Sarah Michiels, Joke De Pauw, Laura Jacxsens, Antonios Chalimourdas, Annick Gilles, Marc Braem, Vincent van Rompaey, Paul Van de Heyning, Willem De Hertogh
Adult patients were recruited from the tertiary tinnitus clinic at the University Hospital Antwerp, Belgium. Before entering the study, patients were thoroughly tested by otolaryngologists, audiologists, dentists, and physical therapists to objectify all the possible influencing factors, diseases, and malfunctions for the tinnitus. Patients were included in the study when suffering from moderate to severe (defined as a TFI score between 25 and 90) subjective tinnitus which had been stable for three months. Furthermore, the somatosensory influence from the cervical spine and temporomandibular area should be one of the major influencing factors [6]. Apart from tinnitus, patients had TMD pain (i.e., arthralgia or myalgia) according to the diagnostic criteria for TMD [18] and/or oral parafunctions. More information about the in- and exclusion criteria can be found in our study protocol and RCT [17,19].