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Psychosocial Aspects of Diabetes
Published in Jahangir Moini, Matthew Adams, Anthony LoGalbo, Complications of Diabetes Mellitus, 2022
Jahangir Moini, Matthew Adams, Anthony LoGalbo
With frequent panic attacks and avoidance behaviors, drug therapy plus intensive psychotherapy is needed. Antidepressants, benzodiazepines, and combinations of these can be helpful. When antidepressants are used with benzodiazepines, it is usually as an initial treatment. The benzodiazepines are slowly decreased in dosage and often eventually discontinued or used more sporadically. Some patients respond well only to combination therapy. Psychotherapies include exposure therapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy are also used together. Exposure therapy helps patients to directly experience and confront feared situations in a controlled environment, and reduce avoidance until the fear is extinguished. Cognitive-behavioral therapy teaches how to recognize and change distorted thoughts and false beliefs, and modify behaviors to become more adaptive to situations. With diabetes, treatment may also involve relaxation training incorporating slow breathing techniques while monitoring CO2 levels in order to prevent hyperventilation. Biofeedback is an additional therapeutic technique that can improve symptoms of anxiety or panic while reducing the respiratory rate. This method gives patients visible evidence of how they are improving, thus providing them with a sense of control over their symptoms. Breathing training is helpful in panic disorder whether there is or is not any concurrent respiratory problems.
The Role of the Family
Published in Paloma Tejero, Hernán Pinto, Aesthetic Treatments for the Oncology Patient, 2020
Galindo Vázquez et al. [4], after a review of the literature, concludes that the interventions that help the most and have more evidence are as follows: Informative/psychoeducational interventions, which are aimed at providing the caregiver with training to be able to effectively carry out care for the cancer patient, management instruction and care of ostomies and catheters, and teaching of diets appropriate to the pathology and treatment.Interventions for the couple/family, which are aimed at improving communication within the family, facilitating the relationship of couple and conflict resolution. Cognitive behavioral therapy, psychoeducational techniques, and activation control techniques are usually employed.Therapeutic orientation directed to the caregivers themselves, improving or facilitating skills to attend their own physical and emotional health, self-confidence, self-efficacy, quality of life, and support systems.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Published in Kevin W. Olden, Handbook of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders, 2020
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Cognitive-behavioral treatment helps the patient to identify stressors and cognitions that increase distress, and develop new ways of coping with the stress by modifying actions or restructuring the thoughts. In one study (64), cognitive-behavioral therapy, IBS education, and relaxation training led to over 50% improvement in symptoms in almost two-thirds of those treated.
Challenges and Solutions to Implementing a Community-Based Wellness Program for Non-Offending Minor Attracted Persons
Published in Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 2022
Theodore Jackson, Koushank Ahuja, Gilian Tenbergen
PPD was founded in Germany in 2005 to provide supportive treatment to pedophilic and hebephilic individuals (MAPs) residing in the community. Dunkelfeld is a German term that translates to dark field. The PPD differs in one relevant way from prevention efforts in other countries: individuals with “dark-field” or offenses that have not been identified can still seek treatment without fear of uniform mandatory reporting. The project adheres to the slogan “You are not guilty of your sexual desire, but you are responsible for your sexual behavior. There is help! Don’t become an offender!” Out of the 1,134 people who responded to PPD by 2010, 499 had completed the intake diagnostic procedure, and 255 were offered therapy. The therapy offered is divided into three categories. Patients are encouraged to stop denying their sexual inclination and integrate it into their self-concept and involve family in the therapeutic process. Cognitive behavioral therapy helps in improving coping skills, stress management, and sexual attitudes (Beier, Ahlers et al., 2009; Beier et al., 2015; Beier, Neutze et al., 2009; Schaefer et al., 2010). PPD helped researchers understand a lot about people who are attracted to minors and how they can be provided with treatment and other supportive services.
A Systematic Review of Interventions for Hope/Hopelessness in Older Adults
Published in Clinical Gerontologist, 2021
Silvia C. Hernandez, James C. Overholser
Most studies in the present review were devoid of explicit ties to theory, limiting the scientific rigor of the research and progress toward evidence-based interventions. Beck’s Hopelessness Theory of Depression (1975) identifies hopelessness as the third cognitive feature of depression, in addition to a negative view of the self and of the world. When an individual is hopeless, they are unable to imagine themselves engaging in future-oriented action and place a disproportionate emphasis on the here-and-now suffering. In practice, hopelessness might be reduced when an individual can envision their future self in a more positive, realistic manner (Gidley, 2001). Cognitive-behavioral therapy teaches individuals to reframe their negative cognitions based on evidence gathering, problem-solving, and other healthy coping skills (Beck, 2011). Similarly, PST helps decrease hopelessness by fostering a sense of self-efficacy and positive reinforcement through successfully solving present problems (Choi et al., 2016). In the present review, supporting evidence for Beck’s hopelessness theory was found in the effectiveness of Life Review Therapy, CBT, PST, and combined treatments.
Psychotherapy in recurrent depression: efficacy, pitfalls, and recommendations
Published in Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics, 2020
Fiammetta Cosci, Jenny Guidi, Giovanni Mansueto, Giovanni A. Fava
The clinician could then refer the patient for a short-term (10–20 sessions) course of cognitive-behavioral therapy. This would be the psychotherapeutic approach of choice, since it has been specifically studied for its preventive effects. We would be inclined to taper antidepressant drugs during the course of psychotherapeutic treatment. Tapering should be performed at the slowest possible pace, to minimize the risk of antidepressant medication discontinuation syndromes. Slow tapering, however, may allow the detection of emerging symptoms in their prodromal phases, which may become the target of psychotherapeutic strategy, and especially withdrawal symptomatology. Interventions that bring the person out of a negative functioning are one form of success but facilitating progression toward psychological well-being is quite another. This is an emerging area for psychotherapeutic research and practice [64]. As a result, we feel that a sequential combination of CBT and WBT is the optimal choice.