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Head and Neck Pathology
Published in John C Watkinson, Raymond W Clarke, Terry M Jones, Vinidh Paleri, Nicholas White, Tim Woolford, Head & Neck Surgery Plastic Surgery, 2018
Ram Moorthy, Adrian T. Warfield, Max Robinson
Spindle cell carcinoma (sarcomatoid carcinoma) (Figure 26.11) occurs in the upper respiratory tract or, less commonly, in the oral cavity. Patients are typically elderly males and a significant number will have had previous radiation. Spindle cell carcinoma usually has a polypoidal, exophytic configuration with either a broad base or narrow pedicle that can occasionally auto-amputate and be expectorated by the patient. The surface tends to be ulcerated. It is usually a bi-phasic lesion with areas of SCC, and/or high-grade dysplasia, associated with bizarre spindle cell and/or giant cell proliferation of sarcomatoid appearance. The squamous component can be difficult to identify due to the ulceration and the sarcoma-like component predominates. IHC may be helpful, although the spindle cells are often negative for epithelial markers and a significant minority paradoxically co-express aberrant positivity for mesenchymal markers.
Schistosomiasis and Bladder Cancer
Published in George T. Bryan, Samuel M. Cohen, The Pathology of Bladder Cancer, 2017
About 1.8% of schistosomal bladder tumors are too poorly differentiated to be placed in any of the above-mentioned categories. This undifferentiated group includes spindle cell, small cell, and giant cell variants of carcinomas, which commonly occur in mixed forms. Spindle cell carcinoma is made up of interlacing bundles of spindle cells simulating sarcoma. However, correct identification is possible by tracing areas of obvious epithelial configuration. In addition, the gross appearance and infiltrative pattern of the tumor is that of a carcinoma rather than a sarcoma.
Integrative hyperthermia treatments for different types of cancer
Published in Clifford L. K. Pang, Kaiman Lee, Hyperthermia in Oncology, 2015
Clifford L. K. Pang, Kaiman Lee
The prognosis is mainly related to factors such as tumor size, histological type, clinical stage, degree of differentiation, and so on. Clinical stage and treatment as well as state of the patient’s own immune function are the key factors affecting prognosis. Malignancy of clear cell carcinoma is low and the prognosis is good. Malignancy of granular cell carcinoma is higher and the prognosis is poorer. Differentiation of spindle cell carcinoma is the worst and the prognosis is also the worst.
PD-L1 Expression and Intra-Tumoral CD8+ T Lymphocytes in Esophageal Carcinosarcoma
Published in Cancer Investigation, 2022
Shusen Chen, Jiamin Zhu, Peng Wang, Dongdong Wan, Xiaojia Cui, Yunzhao Xu, Xingsong Zhang, Haibin Yin, Xudong Chen, Jing Cai, Xi Yang
Carcinosarcoma has been referred to by other names, including spindle cell carcinoma, pseudosarcomatous squamous cell carcinoma, polypoid carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma with a spindle cell component (1). Esophageal carcinosarcoma (ECS) accounts for 0.5–2.8% of all esophageal malignant tumors worldwide (2). Histologically, ECS comprises epithelial carcinomatous (EC) and sarcomatous components (SC), and the latter accounts for the majority of ECS Continuous transition and migration occur between the two components in ECS. ECS typically exhibits the following clinicopathological features: (i) it usually takes the form of a large polypoid mass that protrudes into the esophageal lumen, (ii) the bulk of the tumor is comprised of a spindle cell SC, and (iii) the EC may be inconspicuous and is usually limited to small areas. Owing to the relatively few cases of ECS, evidence-based medicine to guide the treatment is lacking. Esophageal resection, the principal treatment option, has a five-year survival rate ranging from 11.80 to 68.20% (3–11). Thus, new therapeutic methods and appropriate biomarkers should be determined to predict the prognosis of patients with ECS.
How can we better distinguish metastatic tumors from primary tumors in the breast?
Published in Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy, 2021
In the remaining one-third of cases, however, the histology could not be distinguished from primary breast tumors [3]. The following examples are histological features shared by both metastatic and primary tumors: 1) high-grade solid growth pattern in both metastatic poorly differentiated carcinoma and primary grade 3 invasive carcinoma of no special type, 2) micropapillary architecture in metastatic serous carcinoma and primary invasive micropapillary carcinoma, 3) extensive squamous differentiation in both metastatic squamous cell carcinoma and primary squamous cell carcinoma, a subtype of metaplastic carcinoma, 4) signet ring cell morphology in both metastatic gastric cancer and primary lobular carcinoma, and 5) spindle cell morphology in both metastatic sarcoma and primary spindle cell carcinoma or malignant phyllodes tumor.
Clinical outcome and comparison between squamous and non-squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica, 2020
Le Chen, Weiye Deng, Cai Li, Huiching Lau, Lei Tao, Shuyi Wang, Liang Zhou, Ming Zhang
Spindle-cell carcinoma is relatively rare and easy to misdiagnose due to its histological appearance [3]. The most common tumor subsite is the glottis and the majority of the lesions present as polypoid masses [6,7]. Surgery is the primary treatment of choice for spindle-cell carcinoma of the larynx. In the present study, 11 cases were located in the glottis, and all were treated with surgery. Thompson et al investigated 187 cases of spindle-cell carcinoma of the larynx and reported a 5-year OS rate of 58.8% [7]. In the present series, the 5-year OS rate was 54.5%.