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Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC)/Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC)
Published in Charles Theisler, Adjuvant Medical Care, 2023
Squamous cell carcinoma develops in the small, flat squamous cells that make up the middle and outer layers of the skin. SCC typically develops into small, red, rounded skin tumors that can be flat or raised. They tend to grow slowly and may ulcerate. Most of these cancers can be cured with fairly minor surgery and other types of local treatments.1
Oral Diseases
Published in Ayşe Serap Karadağ, Lawrence Charles Parish, Jordan V. Wang, Roxburgh's Common Skin Diseases, 2022
Marcia Ramos-e-Silva, José Wilson Accioly Filho, Sueli Carneiro, Nurimar Conceição Fernandes
Management: The therapy of squamous cell carcinomas depends on each case, that is, its location, size, whether it is well differentiated or not in histology and whether there are regional metastases, which are very frequent. Only 50% of the lesions are painful, which delays the patient’s early search for medical care. Sometimes, the lesions have enlarged so much that they are untreatable. Total surgical removal of the tumor is the ideal therapy, but chemotherapy, immuno-therapy, and/or radiotherapy may be employed.
Cancer
Published in Jahangir Moini, Matthew Adams, Anthony LoGalbo, Complications of Diabetes Mellitus, 2022
Jahangir Moini, Matthew Adams, Anthony LoGalbo
The transitional cell carcinomas of the bladder are superficial and well differentiated, growing outward. They are subclassified as papillary carcinomas. They invade early and then metastasize. Approximately 40% of transitional cell carcinomas recur at the same site in the bladder, or in another site – especially if they are large. Bladder cancer often metastasizes to the lungs, liver, intestines, bones, and lymph nodes. Some of these tumors may be linked to faster progression and resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. Squamous cell carcinoma has cells that similar to the flat cells of the skin. The squamous cells have intracellular bridges, keratohyalin granules, and pearls. They must be distinguished from urothelial cancer that has squamous differentiation.
Optimisation of ethosomal nanogel for topical nano-CUR and sulphoraphane delivery in effective skin cancer therapy
Published in Journal of Microencapsulation, 2020
Kriti Soni, Ali Mujtaba, Md. Habban Akhter, Ameeduzzafar Zafar, Kanchan Kohli
Skin cancer, an abnormal emergence of cutaneous impairment is one of the most common types of malignant growth and can prompt deformation of skin cells and further led to systemic migration of malignant cells if not analysed and treated early (Priya et al. 2017). Over the previous decades, the prevalence of skin cancer has grown rigorously; the rationale behind these could be multi-factorial including more exposure to UV rays, inflammatory agents, carcinogens induced from external sources, tumour promotor, genetic disorder and sometimes occurrence of moles on the skin. The skin cancer may be categorised into different types; Basal cell skin carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and melanoma. The benign state of cancer may grow further enter to metastasis phase thereby abnormal cells migrate into distinguished parts of body via systemic circulation. 90% of instances of skin malignancy are brought about by exposure to UV rays from sunlight (Hayano et al. 2012).
Results of surgical treatment alone for primary subglottic carcinoma
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica, 2019
Heng Yu, Lei Tao, Liang Zhou, Ming Zhang, Haitao Wu, Xiaoming Li, Xiaoling Chen, Cai Li, Ming Xie, Lei Cheng
The median OS of all the patients in this study was 77.9 months (range of 15.7–137.5 months). All patients underwent surgical treatment, and no patients underwent conventional neck dissection of lymph node levels II–V because none of them had clinically detected cervical lymph node metastasis but one patient underwent dissection of level VI for the detection of thyroid invasion. Only one patient underwent postoperative adjuvant therapy with postoperative radiotherapy with a dosage of 58.5 Gy in 30 fractions over 4 weeks due to close surgical margins. The one who had a pathology of neuroendocrine carcinoma had the worst survival outcome among all patients in our study that he had local recurrence 4.1 months after total laryngectomy and died 25.3 months after the initial surgical treatment. The actuarial 5-year OS and DFS rates were both 70.4% [95% confidence interval (50.4% ∼ 90.4%)] for all patients, as shown in Figure 1. For the 20 patients with squamous cell carcinoma, the actuarial 5-year OS and DFS rates were 73.9% [95% confidence interval (54.1% ∼ 93.7%)]. Survival rates of patients with squamous cell carcinoma by stage are shown in Table 4.
Laser immunotherapy for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma with optimal thermal effects to enhance tumour immunogenicity
Published in International Journal of Hyperthermia, 2018
Min Luo, Lei Shi, Fuhe Zhang, Feifan Zhou, Linglin Zhang, Bo Wang, Peiru Wang, Yunfeng Zhang, Haiyan Zhang, Degang Yang, Guolong Zhang, Wei R. Chen, Xiuli Wang
A 63-year-old woman presented with previously untreated bleeding ulcer on the right elbow came to our hospital. The patient suffered 30 years ago from neck pain and numbness of the right upper extremity. The patient was diagnosed as cervical spondylopathy and treated with a surgery. One year after the surgery, the numbness of right upper extremity became more serious due to damage of the nerve with cervical spondylopathy. The skin on her right upper extremity, especially her right forearm, became pale with a low skin temperature. Gradually, her right elbow developed a bleeding ulcer. In the past 30 years, the lesion grew larger and larger without any improvements on bleeding or ulceration. In April of 2014, the patient came to our hospital. Clinical investigation showed a ulcer of about 6 × 9 cm on her right elbow, accompanied with oozing, bleeding and multiple nodules covered by crust. The skin surrounding the ulcer was pale with a low skin temperature. The right elbow joint suffered from stiffness and loss of motion. A blood routine test showed her haemoglobin was only 53 g/l. A biopsy revealed the diagnosis of skin squamous cell carcinoma, grade I. The patient refused surgical excision in consideration of the large area of the ulcer. We treated the patient with laser immunotherapy after a consent form was signed in June 2014.