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Cancer Biology and Genetics for Non-Biologists
Published in Trevor F. Cox, Medical Statistics for Cancer Studies, 2022
Performance status: is a measure of how a cancer is affecting a patient's general ability. There are various performance indices, for example the ECOG/WHO performance status (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group/World Health Organisation), which ranges from 0 to 5, with 0 – fully active, and 5 – completely disabled.
Measuring and Quantifying Outcomes
Published in Amy J. Litterini, Christopher M. Wilson, Physical Activity and Rehabilitation in Life-threatening Illness, 2021
Amy J. Litterini, Christopher M. Wilson
When caring for individuals with life-limiting illnesses, the measurement of performance status is a critical indicator of current and future disease trajectory, disease-treatment decisions, as well as change in status. Various performance status scales measure parameters such as ADLs/self-care, time spent out of bed, ambulatory status, activity participation, nutritional/fluid intake, and level of consciousness, while labeling the results with a value (i.e. numbers or percentages). Poorer performance status scores are indicative of poorer prognoses, including mortality rates;1 widely used performance status scales include the Karnofsky Performance Status Scale (100 [normal]–0 [dead]), the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Scale of Performance Status (0 [fully active]–5 [dead]), and the Palliative Performance Scale, or PPS (100% [normal]–10% [bed confined/total care]).2–4 Some hospice organizations utilize performance status, such as that classified by the PPS, as an indicator of eligibility for enrollment.
Malignant Large Bowel Obstruction
Published in Peter Sagar, Andrew G. Hill, Charles H. Knowles, Stefan Post, Willem A. Bemelman, Patricia L. Roberts, Susan Galandiuk, John R.T. Monson, Michael R.B. Keighley, Norman S. Williams, Keighley & Williams’ Surgery of the Anus, Rectum and Colon, 2019
Alexander Heriot, J. Alastair D. Simpson
Whichever management strategy is chosen, the evidence is clear that the patients who benefit are those who are healthier and have a higher performance status at the time of diagnosis of MLBO. Assessment of performance status allows increased clarity of decision making for both practitioner and patient.
Prognostic value of pretreatment immune inflammation indices in patients with immune-related tumors
Published in Current Medical Research and Opinion, 2023
We performed the present randomized control study to assess the possible predictive and prognostic role of performance scores. Performance status was evaluated according to the patient’s level of care. In patients with cancer, daily activity and walking, as well as physical percentage of working or waking hours limited to bed, are commonly measured using the (ECOG) is a scale, ranging from 0 to 4, with 0 indicating full activity and 4 indicating complete disability; ECOG has been validated as a prognostic factor in outpatients with all cancer stages32. Higher ECOG PS of at least 2 was related with a 3.3-fold more risk of disease progression, a 4.8-fold more risk of death, and a 4-fold decreased immunotherapy response rate in our study. Although this does not mean that patients with an ECOG of 2 or above received no benefit from therapy, their advantages were less than those of individuals with an ECOG of 0. As a result, this assessment is more heterogeneous and classification based on according to the initiative of a single physician; consequently, physicians working in various centers may interpret a single patient differently, resulting in a heterogeneous patient group at a single ECOG PS level.
Sinonasal cancer in Denmark 2008–2015: a population-based phase-4 cohort study from DAHANCA
Published in Acta Oncologica, 2021
Mads V. Filtenborg, Jacob K. Lilja-Fischer, Maja B. Sharma, Hanne Primdahl, Julie Kjems, Christina C. Plaschke, Irene Wessel, Claus A. Kristensen, Maria Andersen, Elo Andersen, Christian Godballe, Jørgen Johansen, Jens Overgaard, Kristian B. Petersen
Patients with sinonasal carcinomas often present with advanced-stage disease, which could be due to the rather non-specific symptoms of this disease, often delaying diagnosis [33,34,37]. A total of 20% of the patients included in our study were referred to palliative or supportive care. This group differs in particular by their high median age (75 years) and high rate of stage IV disease (82%), which may explain why curatively intended treatment was not performed. Guideline compliance and a combined treatment strategy were associated with LRF and a trend towards improved survival measures. These results may be due to patient factors such as age, comorbidity and performance status. However, no particular difference in performance status was found in our cohort, and age did not change the results when added as a continuous covariate in the multivariate analysis of LRF. The overall level of compliance with guidelines in each centre was 88% or higher. Aalborg University Hospital worked as an oncological subcentre, hence all patients were discussed at a multi-disciplinary team meeting at Aarhus University Hospital.
Beneficial effects of modulated electro-hyperthermia during neoadjuvant treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer
Published in International Journal of Hyperthermia, 2021
Sunghyun Kim, Jun Hyeok Lee, Jihye Cha, Sei Hwan You
Histological diagnoses were all adenocarcinoma. The primary tumor was located within 15 cm from the anal verge. The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status score was 2 or less. Patients were categorized into the mEHT group (62 patients, 51.7%) and the non-mEHT group (58 patients, 48.3%) according to whether or not mEHT was added. In most cases of mEHT, a slightly reduced radiation dose (40 Gy) was applied according to the prospective single arm protocol with informed consent for each patient [9]. For the other mEHT cases, conventional radiation dose (50.4 Gy) was intended and the consistency of the number of mEHT sessions was relatively low (Figure 1). The distributions of age, sex, pathologic diagnosis, and initial clinical T and N stages were not different between the two groups. The initial primary tumor volume was measured as 62.3 ± 54.8 mL. Most of the patients were clinically node-positive, while the non-mEHT group included 4 patients with clinically node-negative status (Table 1).