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Urinary tract disorders
Published in Henry J. Woodford, Essential Geriatrics, 2022
In frail older people, the causes of UI are diverse and stretch from the head (cognition) to the toes (mobility). A ‘cystoscopic' view of assessment that focuses solely on the bladder and urine will miss key issues most of the time. With appropriate interventions, improvement in quality of life is possible.
Shaping built environments for community health
Published in Ben Y.F. Fong, Martin C.S. Wong, The Routledge Handbook of Public Health and the Community, 2021
Community health is defined as ‘a multi-sector and multi-disciplinary collaborative enterprise that uses public health science, evidence-based strategies, and other approaches to engage and work with communities, in a culturally appropriate manner, to optimise the health and quality of life of all persons who live, work, or are otherwise active in a defined community or communities’ (Goodman et al., 2014, p. 560). The ways in which environmental, social, and economic resources can sustain and enhance an individual’s wellbeing with their environment has been a growing concern for a number of years (Giles-Corti et al., 2016; Greenberg & Schneider, 2017; Lopez, 2012). The built environment consists of the physical features of where we live and work, including houses, buildings, streets and infrastructures (National Center for Environmental Health, 2011). As noted by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (2020):the built environment touches all aspects of our lives… It can generally be described as the man-made or modified structures that provide people with living, working, and recreational spaces.
Care: The Caretaker, Harold Pinter (1960) 1
Published in Ewan Jeffrey, David Jeffrey, Enhancing Compassion in End-of-Life Care Through Drama, 2021
Frank defines care as ‘an occasion when people discover what each can be in relationship with the other’.3 This definition highlights the need for a sharing of vulnerabilities and engagement in a dialogue. Palliative care aims to improve the patient’s quality of life.
Patient-Important Needs and Goals Related to Nutrition Interventions during Cancer Treatment
Published in Nutrition and Cancer, 2023
Emily Foecke Munden, Mackenzie Kemp, Amanda Guth, Anna Marie Chang, Brooke Worster, Iyaniwura Olarewaju, Melissa Denton, Kristin L. Rising
An important and overarching finding of this work is the challenge of systematically quantifying the need for and impact of nutrition support during cancer treatment. Unlike other diseases in which there is well-defined marker of nutrition-related disease control, such as diabetes for which hemoglobin A1c is used, there is no singular measure to assess the impact of nutrition-related cancer outcomes. Our interviews highlighted how most patient priorities regarding their nutrition needs were related to their functional status and ability to perform daily activities. While there are validated measures for domains like quality of life (FACT-G, EORTC-30) (29, 30), treatment satisfaction (FACIT-TS) (31), and malnutrition (MST, MNA, PG-SGA) (32–34) already in use, these tools do not fully incorporate patient-important goals specifically related to nutrition during cancer treatment and they require administration of multiple tools to patients to capture all patient-important concepts. Existing quality of life measures include questions to assess physical, social, emotional, and functional wellbeing, without a focus on nutrition or food specific conditions or situations. Similarly, most malnutrition screening tools place focus on weight change and food intake, without considering the patient’s more nuanced social and emotional experience with nutrition during cancer treatment, like food satisfaction and emotional stress experienced around nutrition.
Assessment of Sonographic Carotid Parameters in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Comparative Case Control Study
Published in Developmental Neurorehabilitation, 2023
Duygu Imre Yetkin, Esra Sizer, Yurdagül Tolu Gökhaner, Erkan Büyükdemirci, Abdullah Atlı
It is known that as the intensity of ASD characteristics increases, the risk of comorbid psychiatric conditions increases such as attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder, intellectual disability, irritability, and aggression.27 There may be different interventions to improve the quality of life for individuals with these and other comorbidities.28 Increased frequency of psychiatric symptoms has been associated with increased use of psychotropic medication. Often, antipsychotics are used for symptoms such as irritability and self-harming behavior.29 Weight gain and obesity are known adverse effects of antipsychotics in individuals with ASD.30 Antipsychotics have been reported to increase body weight by 40 to 80%.31 It has been reported that the use of antipsychotics in patients with ASD increases metabolic, and cardiovascular diseases.32 For this reason, follow-up studies on the effect of medical treatments with cIMT values may be useful in determining the prognosis, especially in the ASD group with increased intensity of ASD characteristics and early emergent health concerns. The absence of antipsychotic use in the ASD group in our study eliminates the effect of these factors in the comparison of measurements with the control population. We tried to exclude possible comorbidity effects and/or medical effects that may be confounding factors in our understanding of autism provided by this neurobiology.
Perceived trajectory of psychological and physical states after breast cancer: An optimistic perception
Published in Journal of Psychosocial Oncology, 2022
Isabelle Milhabet, Pierre Dias, Véronique Christophe, Emmanuelle Le Barbenchon
The post-cancer phase remains a period of uncertainty and of remission rather than cure22 and optimistic perceptions about future health can be modified after suffering and confronting the idea of one’s end.23 However, even if it is an unrealistic24 or an avoidance-coping strategy associated with the fear of death from breast cancer,23 the future is generally perceived as better than the present.25 Thus, survivors of breast cancer could also consider positive evolution to apply to their own life span, in spite of their current state and the past consequences of treatments. We suggest, based on the factual evidence about changes in QOL over time, as well as research on optimism, that beyond complaints and fears, these women project themselves into a positive future (Hypothesis 2). In order to enrich the indicators beyond quality of life, other factors strongly linked to quality of life are also examined: anxiety, depression, self-esteem, physical and cognitive complaints.