China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Optimizing Medication Use through Health Information Technology
Published in Salvatore Volpe, Health Informatics, 2022
Troy Trygstad, Mary Ann Kliethermes, Anne L. Burns, Mary Roth McClurg, Marie Smith, John Easter
Despite the ability to transmit prescriptions accurately from one electronic system to another with near 100% accuracy, medication errors still persist that are related to medication appropriateness, dosing effectiveness and patient safety elements in the prescribing and clinical decision-making processes. The average Medicare recipient with five or more chronic conditions will fill 51 prescriptions and have a 24% chance of experiencing at least one hospitalization during the year.4 Medication complexity and use has grown faster than our healthcare system’s ability to properly accommodate for safe and effective use. US government data indicate adverse drug events occur in two million hospital stays per year, or in 1 out of 3 patients; and in the ambulatory setting lead to over 3.5 million physician office visits, 1 million emergency department visits and 125,000 hospitalizations.5 The cost of poorly optimized prescription medication is estimated at $528.4 billion for resulting patient morbidity and mortality.6 Human error can lead to mis-entry or inappropriate dose, strength, form or even drug for the patients’ condition(s). Patients can misinterpret instructions that are not clear or not in their native language. Multiple prescribers can contribute to polypharmacy and overuse, contraindications, drug-drug conflicts, therapeutic duplications and other errors. None of these problems is solved by increasing the accuracy of electronic prescription transmission from prescriber to pharmacy.
Psychosocial Aspects of Diabetes
Published in Jahangir Moini, Matthew Adams, Anthony LoGalbo, Complications of Diabetes Mellitus, 2022
Jahangir Moini, Matthew Adams, Anthony LoGalbo
Preserving and slowing further decline of cognition and physical functioning are the primary focuses of treatment. This is often accomplished in assisted-living or skilled nursing care settings, where efforts can also be made to minimize psychiatric and behavioral symptoms. The safety of patients is important. Family members and caregivers often benefit from attending support groups to learn information about the disease and how to navigate many of the associated challenges. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved two different classes of medications for AD. These include acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor modulators. They allow more acetylcholine to remain between nerve cells, increasing their communication with other neurons. They are generally used with caution in patients who are using digoxin, calcium channel blockers or beta-blockers.
Patient Engagement in Safety
Published in Richard J. Holden, Rupa S. Valdez, The Patient Factor, 2021
Patient-held information may exist as a function of experience with oneself, but also sought, gathered, shared, and applied to inform decision-making across time and space. This cognitive work may have safety implications. Figure 8.1 represents the patient as central to the information space that is fragmented across multiple interprofessional clinicians. In this central role, the patient contributes to their safety by managing safety-relevant information.
Behavioral Assessment in Virtual Reality: An Evaluation of Multi-User Simulations in Healthcare Education
Published in Journal of Organizational Behavior Management, 2023
Steven J. Anbro, Ramona A. Houmanfar, Julie Thomas, Kim Baxter, Frederick C. Harris, Laura H. Crosswell
The Joint Commission conducts ongoing analyses of sentinel events, defined as “a patient safety event (not primarily related to the natural course of the patient’s illness or underlying condition) that reaches a patient and results in any of the following: death, permanent harm, or severe temporary harm and intervention required to sustain life” (Joint Commission, 2019, p. 2). Given the prevalence of medical error leading to sentinel events (death in particular) coupled with increased public awareness of this problem, the healthcare industry has looked to high-reliability organizations (HROs) across other industries for guidance. HROs are organizations whose employees conduct regularly occurring, highly technical operations in working conditions that range from moderate to high levels of potential risk (Anbro et al., 2020). A defining feature of HROs is the interlocking of behavior across managerial and operational levels of an organization; this occasions systemic learning from errors and helps institutionalize performance/safety corrections based on lessons learned and process innovation (Alavosius et al., 2017; Dekker & Woods, 2009). The healthcare industry has particularly looked to the aviation industry and their development of Crew Resource Management (CRM) as a guide to address persisting human/systems challenges.
Methodology focused on the selection of construction operations for the standardization of work with an emphasis on the occupational safety criterion
Published in International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2023
The most important criterion of the SCF model is occupational safety. If a significant number of accidents or near misses occurred on a given operation when compared to all reported accidents, such an operation should receive a high rating. This is a signal that this operation should first be standardized. A near-miss event is an event within the area of occupational safety that occurred but did not end in the injury of an employee [36]. According to the best management practices and work organization, near-miss events should be reported in the same way as accidents [37]. Table 4, in the ‘safety’ column, proposes assessment criteria regarding the occurrence of accidents and near misses in an exemplary process from the construction industry. For example, a rating of 10 means that for one or two accidents or near misses in a company over a given period of time, an average of one of them happens on this operation. This means a very high incidence of accidents and near misses on this particular operation. A rating of 1 means, on average, that one accident or near-miss event on a given operation occurred per 60 or more accidents and incidents. This indicates a very low occurrence.
An umbrella review of systematic reviews on contributory factors to medication errors in health-care settings
Published in Expert Opinion on Drug Safety, 2022
Lina Naseralallah, Derek Stewart, Ruba Azfar Ali, Vibhu Paudyal
Medication errors pose a substantial threat to patient safety, creating a serious public health problem, yet they are a common occurrence. Several interventions have been implemented to reduce medication errors previously, however some of these interventions have been proven ineffective. The development of these interventions was based mainly on a pragmatic approach or ISLAGIATT (It Seemed Like A Good Idea At The Time) principle, which lack the theoretical basis at the design stage [83,85,91–94]. Our findings suggest a paucity of research that used theory to diagnose and classify contributory factors and to develop interventions. Thus, future research needs to be undertaken through the explicit use of theoretical frameworks. Undertaking research utilizing frameworks for complex interventions can be a substantial undertaking. However, in the long run, such interventions have the potential to deliver important influence on medication errors.