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Acinetobacter Infections — Overview of Clinical Features
Published in E. Bergogne-Bénézin, M.L. Joly-Guillou, K.J. Towner, Acinetobacter, 2020
Itzchak Levi, Ethan Rubinstein
In summary, various factors predisposing to Acinetobacter infection have been identified over the years. Risk factors for nosocomial infection include recent major surgery, stay in ICUs, recent antimicrobial therapy, burns, malignant disease and/ or other severe underlying disease.
Basic Principles of Antibiotic Treatment
Published in Firza Alexander Gronthoud, Practical Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 2020
Certain factors like recent hospitalization and prior antibiotic use within past 90 days will increase the risk of infections due to drug-resistant organisms. If the patient is known to be colonized by a specific pathogen, this should also be taken into account when considering empirical therapy. For patients hospitalized in specific units with nosocomial infections, data on the common pathogens encountered, as well as the hospital or unit-specific antibiogram, will be helpful in formulating the treatment regimen.
Iatrogenic and Occupational Fever
Published in Benedict Isaac, Serge Kernbaum, Michael Burke, Unexplained Fever, 2019
Other than administration of specific medications, iatrogenic fever can be induced by other procedures, both diagnostic and therapeutic, to which patients are subjected. The very admission to a hospital may result in a short-lived mild temperature elevation on a psychogenic basis. After admission to the hospital, patients are susceptible to nosocomial infection.16
When work support does not work: investigating the joint moderating effect of challenge stressors and hindrance stressors on safety compliance
Published in International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2023
Safety compliance is an in-role safety behavior according to Neal and Griffin’s [1] theoretical framework. This framework was developed based on Borman and Motowidlo’s [25] human performance framework. Safety compliance refers to a series of activities that are formally required to maintain workplace safety [26]. These behaviors included following standard work procedures and wearing protective equipment. Safety compliance behavior is very important for hospital management because the absence of safety compliance can directly cause medical errors and increase infection rates [2–4]. If medical care personnel do not wash their hands according to standard procedures, nosocomial infections may occur more frequently [27]. Hence, exploring the contributors to safety compliance has important implications for hospital management.
Enteral combined with parenteral nutrition improves clinical outcomes in patients with traumatic brain injury
Published in Nutritional Neuroscience, 2022
Xiaomin Li, Yafeng Yang, Zheng Feei Ma, Shan Gao, Yuan Ning, Ling Zhao, Zhangya He, Xiaoqin Luo
Gastrointestinal intolerance was mainly monitored from three aspects: bloating and abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, and diarrhea. Diarrhea is referred as an increase in the number of defecations (> 3 times/day), an increase in the amount of stool (> 200g/d), and a thin stool (water content>85%) [7]. According to the recommendations of the editorial board of the Chinese Medical Journal, one of the following cases can be identified as a stress ulcer: a positive stool blood test or occult blood test; a gastrointestinal decompression in red or black or brown, and a positive occult blood test [8]. The diagnostic criteria for intracranial infection and pulmonary infection are referred to the ‘Diagnostic Standards for Nosocomial Infections’ of the Ministry of Health.
Association Between Severity Grading Score And Acute Phase Reactants In Patients With Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever
Published in Pathogens and Global Health, 2021
There was a significant correlation between high scores and elevated CRP and also control CRP and SGS (correlation coefficient: 0.459, p < 0.001; correlation coefficient: 0.620, p < 0.001). Although no correlation was observed between initial ESR levels and SGS, positive association was identified between control ESR and SGS (correlation coefficient: 0.083, p = 0.430; correlation coefficient: 0.553, p < 0.001). Twenty-one (19.4%) patients died. Among the fatal cases, 10 were involved in the high and 11 were involved in the intermediate SGS group. High SGS was associated with mortality, and high CRP levels were used to predict the mortality at the beginning of the hospital admission. CRP levels on admission, control CRP and control ESR levels were found considerably high among fatal cases (p < 0.001). Ten of 108 (9.2%) patients had concomitant infections which were urinary tract infection (n = 3), pneumonia (n = 4) and bacteremia (n = 3). Three patients developed nosocomial infection. Control CRP levels of the subjects with infection were all declined except three cases with nosocomial infection.