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Recurrent abdominal pain
Published in Samar Razaq, Difficult Cases in Primary Care, 2021
Which of the following statements regarding male infant circumcision are true? Male circumcision is associated with a protective effect against the acquisition of HIV in heterosexual males in areas of high HIV prevalence.There is strong evidence that male circumcision is associated with a reduced risk of developing gonorrhoea and chlamydia.Circumcision appears to be protective against the development of a urinary tract infection in boys under the age of 2.Male circumcision is associated with a lower risk of invasive penile cancer but a slightly increased risk of cervical cancer in the female partner.Male infant circumcision is associated with reduced sexual satisfaction and sexual function compared with non-circumcised men.
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Published in James M. Rippe, Manual of Lifestyle Medicine, 2021
Education is critically important in the prevention of STIs. There are a number of methods for lowering the risk of STI (38): Contraceptive counselingThe best contraceptive method for prevention of STIs continues to be the male condom.VaccinesOne of the most effective means of preventing STIs is exposure immunization. Currently, there are vaccinations available for hepatitis A virus, hepatitis B virus, and human papilloma virus.Male circumcisionBy removing the foreskin and thus eliminating a moist environment where infection can proliferate, male circumcision significantly reduces the risk of HVP, HIV, and HSV transmission. Circumcision also reduced a man’s risk for penile cancer and genital ulcer disease.
Prevention, Screening, and Treatment of Sexually Transmitted Infections
Published in James M. Rippe, Lifestyle Medicine, 2019
By removing the foreskin and thus eliminating a moist environment where infection can proliferate, male circumcision significantly reduces the risk of HPV, HIV, and HSV transmission.13 Circumcision also reduces a man’s risk for penile cancer and genital ulcer disease. Male circumcision may promote improved health for women both directly, by decreasing infectiousness of men with HIV or other STIs, as well as indirectly, by decreasing men’s susceptibility to infection.14 Circumcision also reduces the sexual transmission of chlamydia and syphilis and reduces the female partner’s risk of cervical dysplasia and cancer.15 Although the decision to perform a male circumcision is influenced by surrounding cultural and religious practices, there may also be a protective effect to women with a reduced risk of cervical cancer in female sexual partners.
Human papillomavirus: present and future perspective in Saudi Arabia
Published in Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2021
Carcinoma of the penis is a rare male’s cancer. The incidence of this cancer is very low in the Western world, though there are significantly raised incidence rates in some countries representing ≤10% of all male cancers (Calmon et al. 2011). Studies have shown that around 40–50% of penile cancers are attributed to infection with HPV (Diorio and Giuliano 2016; Schlenker and Schneede 2019). Advanced penile cancer is an aggressive malignant disease with poor prognosis, which necessitates an early diagnosis and prevention measures including HPV vaccination, which is strongly beneficial both for men and females (Stratton and Culkin 2016; Schlenker and Schneede 2019). The only available data from Saudi Arabia in this context is an old study in 1986, the study reported 15 cases with post-circumcision penile carcinoma. Cancer developed in the circumcision scares (Bissada et al. 1986).
DaPeCa-4: outcome in penile cancer patients with N3 disease due to extra nodal extension treated with surgery and chemo-irradiation
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Urology, 2020
Sophia Liff Maibom, Jakob Kristian Jakobsen, Mikael Aagaard, Anne Birgitte Als, Peter Meidahl Petersen
Penile cancer (PC) has a predictable sequence of metastasizing. From the primary penile lesion, inguinal lymph nodes (LNs) are involved before pelvic LNs. The presence and extent of LN involvement are major prognostic factors for survival [1,2]. Especially patients with extra nodal extension (ENE) of metastasis and/or pelvic LN involvement (i.e. N3 stage) face a poor prognosis. The strategies for pelvic LN management in penile cancer rely on a small number of primarily retrospective studies and the role of pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) is still debated. The treatment aim is to optimize oncological outcomes while minimizing the treatment associated morbidity. For patients with N3 penile cancer, the European Association of Urology (EAU) guidelines recommend a pelvic lymphadenectomy [3].
Quality of Life After Surgical Treatment for Penile Carcinoma
Published in International Journal of Sexual Health, 2018
Gianmarco Troiano, Nicola Nante
Penile cancer is a rare malignancy (0.58/100.000 men) in the developed countries (Barnholtz-Sloan, Maldonado, Pow-sang, & Giuliano, 2007); it is most common in Asian, African, and South American countries where it accounts for up to 10% of cancers in men (Society, 2014). In 50–60% of squamous cell carcinomas of the penis, human papilloma virus infection, particularly with Types 16 and 18, is part of the pathogenesis (Mortensen & Jakobsen, 2013). Other etiological factors are the poor penile hygiene, phimosis, and the tobacco smoking (Daling et al., 2005). The primary treatment for penile cancer is surgery, although in case of early recognition of the disease or in cases of precancerous changes chemotherapy, laser therapy, or brachytherapy may be applicable (Djordjevic, Palminteri, & Martins, 2014; Escande et al., 2017; Pizzocaro et al., 2010).