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Hypopharynx
Published in R James A England, Eamon Shamil, Rajeev Mathew, Manohar Bance, Pavol Surda, Jemy Jose, Omar Hilmi, Adam J Donne, Scott-Brown's Essential Otorhinolaryngology, 2022
Surgery for hypopharyngeal cancer involves the larynx as well as the hypopharynx. The larynx is usually entirely removed unless the lesion is lateralised. The pharynx is usually resected either partially or circumferentially, and most patients will need appropriate reconstruction to restore pharyngeal continuity and minimise the risk of pharyngocutaneous fistulae. Adjuvant radiation/chemoradiation is an essential part of the multimodal therapy for stage III/IV hypopharyngeal cancers treated surgically. Pros and cons of surgery in advanced hypopharyngeal cancer are shown in Figure 63.3.
Cervical lymphadenopathy
Published in Neeraj Sethi, R. James A. England, Neil de Zoysa, Head, Neck and Thyroid Surgery, 2020
Another important risk factor, particularly in oral and hypopharyngeal cancer, is alcohol intake. Units per week currently and any history of alcohol dependence should be recorded. High alcohol intake combined with smoking may have a synergistic effect on the risk of head and neck cancer.
Management of Hypopharyngeal Cancer
Published in John C Watkinson, Raymond W Clarke, Terry M Jones, Vinidh Paleri, Nicholas White, Tim Woolford, Head & Neck Surgery Plastic Surgery, 2018
Prathamesh S. Pai, Deepa Nair, Sarbani Ghosh Laskar, Kumar Prabhash
Surgery for hypopharyngeal cancer involves the larynx as well as the hypopharynx. The larynx is usually entirely removed unless the lesion is lateralized. The pharynx is usually resected either partially or circumferentially and most patients will need appropriate reconstruction to restore pharyngeal continuity. Adjuvant radiation/chemoradiation is an essential part of the multimodal therapy for treatment of stage III/IV hypopharyngeal cancers treated surgically.
Oncological and functional outcomes of partial or total laryngopharyngectomy for hypopharyngeal cancer with thyroid or cricoid cartilage invasion
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica, 2023
Kwang-Jae Cho, Min-Sik Kim, Jung-Hae Cho, Jun-Ook Park, In-Chul Nam, Chung-Soo Kim, Young-Hoon Joo
Hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPSCC) has an aggressive behavior and is generally diagnosed as an advanced-stage tumor, consequently resulting in low survival and poor prognosis [1]. In terms of treatment choice, there have been controversies between surgery and chemoradiotherapy (CRT). Because surgical treatment is inevitably associated with considerable dysfunction in both speech and swallowing, primary CRT has gained increasing popularity as the definitive treatment for hypopharyngeal cancer in concert with the global trend toward organ preservation [2]. However, advanced-stage tumors, especially T4a disease with thyroid or cricoid cartilage invasion, harbor a hypoxic microenvironment that causes resistance to CRT [3]. Although a high initial complete response rate was documented after CRT, this response was not durable, with a high local recurrence rate noted within one year. In comparison, patients undergoing total laryngopharyngectomy (TLP) demonstrated markedly better local disease control [4].
The Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index and Albumin as Prognostic Predictors in Laryngeal Carcinoma
Published in Nutrition and Cancer, 2021
Li-Fang Shen, Qin-Ying Wang, Qi Yu
Furthermore, we took the subanalysis of OS in patients with the same clinical stage of hypopharyngeal cancer. In patients of clinical stage I and clinical stage II, the univariate analyses showed that OS was associated with tumor location, tumor differentiation, NLR, PLR, SII and albumin of the pretreatment blood test, but the OS was not correlated with age and RDW. In the multivariate analysis, a high PLR and a low blood albumin content independently predicted poor OS in clinical stage I patients, a high SII and a low blood albumin content independently predicted poor OS in clinical stage II patients. In patients of clinical stage III, the univariate analyses showed that OS was associated with NLR, PLR, SII and albumin of the pretreatment blood test, but the OS was not correlated with tumor location, tumor differentiation, age and RDW. In the multivariate analysis, a high SII and a low blood albumin content independently predicted poor OS. In patients of clinical stage IV, the univariate analyses showed that OS was associated with tumor differentiation, NLR and SII of the pretreatment blood test, but the OS was not correlated with tumor location age, PLR, blood albumin and RDW. In the multivariate analysis, a high SII and moderately-poorly tumor differentiation independently predicted poor OS (Table 5). It indicated that SII or blood albumin is a different prognosis inflammation markers within the same clinical stage (TNM category).
Presurgical platelet–lymphocyte ratio for prognosis in advanced hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma in individuals undergoing radical resection
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica, 2021
Hong Chen, Shenghua Song, Ao Li, Dengbin Ma, Chuanyao Lin, Xiaoyun Qian, Xia Gao, Xiaohui Shen
Our study is the first to investigate the prognostic relationship between PLR and HSCC. In our series, PLR value was shown to be significant in predicting RFS and recurrence risk. Research on advanced hypopharyngeal cancer has shifted from clinical staging to new biomarkers in order to more accurately predict tumor prognosis and determine targeted treatment strategies. During our follow-up, we found that most patients with hypopharyngeal cancer died of local recurrence, and fewer patients died of systemic metastasis. Studies have shown that patients at the same stage with higher PLR may require closer follow-up and more aggressive treatment (including preoperative induction chemotherapy and postoperative local radiotherapy, etc.). Given our promising results, further multi-institutional prospective studies are needed to better characterize the role of pre-operative blood PLR as prognostic factors in HSCC.