China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Paper 1
Published in Amanda Rabone, Benedict Thomson, Nicky Dineen, Vincent Helyar, Aidan Shaw, The Final FRCR, 2020
Amanda Rabone, Benedict Thomson, Nicky Dineen, Vincent Helyar, Aidan Shaw
One of the gastroenterology consultants discusses a case with you of a patient with weight loss and suspicious gastric findings on a recent CT abdomen pelvis. The patient has declined endoscopy. Based on imaging findings, the differential lies between gastric lymphoma and primary gastric carcinoma.
Upper GI Surgery
Published in Tjun Tang, Elizabeth O'Riordan, Stewart Walsh, Cracking the Intercollegiate General Surgery FRCS Viva, 2020
Nicola C Tanner, Chris Collins
A 57-year-old female presents with symptoms of weight loss, early satiety and occasional epigastric discomfort. She undergoes a gastroscopy, which reveals a hypertrophic, nodular mucosa in her stomach. Biopsies confirm MALT gastric lymphoma.
Lymphoma
Published in Anju Sahdev, Sarah J. Vinnicombe, Husband & Reznek's Imaging in Oncology, 2020
Sarah J Vinnicombe, Rodney J Hicks
Infective agents are implicated in the development of lymphoma. Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as a cause of HL and can be found in the malignant cells of HL. The risk of HL amongst patients who have had infectious mononucleosis is increased 2.6–6-fold (6). HIV is also a risk factor for HL and meta-analyses have shown an 11-fold increase in risk compared with the general population (7). EBV is an important aetiological factor in Burkitt lymphoma (BL), particularly the endemic African form where virtually 100% of cases have EBV. EBV related to immune suppression is also recognized by the IARC as a cause of NHL (8). The rare primary effusion lymphomas are associated with human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), as are some diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCLs). Helicobacter pylori infection is necessary for the development of gastric lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) type. The human t-cell lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1) retrovirus is causally related to adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma, which is seen in southern Japan and the Caribbean (9). Borrelia burgdorferi infection is associated with cutaneous MALT lymphoma, which can resolve when the infection is eradicated (10). Hepatitis C infection has been implicated in a number of NHLs, including primary hepatic NHL.
The clinicopathological characteristics of gastric cancer and precancerous conditions in gastric DLBCL and MALT lymphoma patients: a multi-center retrospective study
Published in Annals of Medicine, 2023
Yun Feng, Tian-Jiao Duan, Qing Huang, Zhi-Yi Li, Ya-Ping Liu, Miao-Sha Luo, Gui-Fang Lu, Wen Shi, Zhi-Yong Zhang, Hong-Xia Li
This study also analyzed the clinicopathological characteristics of primary gastric lymphoma, gastric cancer, and precancerous conditions, including H. pylori infection. We found that most primary gastric lymphomas were ulcerative type and Lugano Classification stage I + II, and were mostly confirmed to be DLBCL and MALT lymphomas, and we also found that primary gastric lymphoma patients with ulcerative type and Lugano classification stage IIE + IV had a higher risk of developing gastric cancer and precancerous conditions as well. Furthermore, the H. pylori infection rate was higher in patients with MALT lymphoma, Lugano classification stage I + II, and patients with precancerous conditions and gastric cancer, especially gastric cancer of the intestinal type. Our findings on clinicopathological features of primary gastric lymphoma are consistent with those of other studies, which we discuss below.
Quadruple therapy for gastric high-grade B-cell lymphoma
Published in Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, 2020
Ted George Achufusi, Kegan Jessamy, Ernesto Zamora, Nuri Ozden
Gastric pure (de novo) DLBCL has traditionally been treated with surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation, either alone or in combination. To date, there is no established standard management strategy for primary gastric lymphoma. Most guidelines recommend chemotherapy as the initial treatment for both gastric pure DLBCL and DLBCL(MALT).3,4 In contrast, most existing studies and guidelines recommend H. pylori eradication with antibiotics as initial gastric MALT lymphoma treatment. The efficacy of H. pylori eradication as DLBCL treatment has remained mostly unknown, with the exception of several anecdotal case reports. In 2009, Tari et al reported clinical remission following H. pylori eradication among 4 of 15 patients diagnosed with gastric pure DLBCL.13 A retrospective analysis by a Taiwanese group showed complete remission among 11 of 16 (69%) pure DLBCL patients following H. pylori eradication. A European multicenter prospective study showed similar results, where lymphoma response after eradication was complete remission in 8 of 16 (50%) patients.14 In a separate retrospective study involving 50 patients diagnosed with de novo DLBCL, more than two-thirds of subjects achieved complete remission following H. pylori eradication.15 In that study, all patients with complete remission were alive and in remission at a median of 7.7 years following remission.
Primary gastric lymphoma: A report of 16 pediatric cases treated at a single institute and review of the literature
Published in Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, 2020
Nilgün Kurucu, Canan Akyüz, Bilgehan Yalçın, İnci Y. Bajin, Ali Varan, Diclehan Orhan, İbrahim Karnak, Burça Aydın, Tezer Kutluk
Historically, surgical excision had been the mainstay of the treatment of PGL followed by radiotherapy or postoperative chemotherapy. However, after the 90’s, it has been shown that intensive chemotherapy alone was effective for high-grade gastric lymphoma.30 After several studies had shown the regression of the tumor with H. pylori eradication, treatment of H. pylori infection was accepted as standard treatment for early-stage MALT lymphoma.5,30 Various treatment options including H. pylori eradication therapy, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy were applied for 26 cases with PGL we reviewed from the literature. Nineteen of them received chemotherapy, most of which comprised of CHOP and similar protocols. H. pylori treatment was added to chemotherapy in six patients while three received only anti-H. pylori drugs. Another patient with MALT lymphoma who was under post-transplant immunosuppressive therapy was treated with anti-H. pylori drugs while the immunosuppressive drugs were tapered off.17 Radiotherapy was applied to the gastric tumor location following chemotherapy in two patients and following surgery in one. In another case, radiotherapy was applied to the site of spinal epidural involvement to relieve cord compression findings. Of the 26 reviewed cases, development of gastric perforation was reported at diagnosis in two and after the first course of chemotherapy in two. The edge of perforation was excised, and simple closure was done in one of these patients while partial gastrectomy with gastrojejunostomy and total gastrectomy with esophagojejunostomy were performed in one and two other patients, respectively. In addition to these four cases, another four cases underwent primary surgery. Total gastrectomy with esophagojejunostomy, subtotal gastrectomy, total tumor resection with gastroduodenostomy, and only gastrojejunostomy were performed in one patient each.