China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Paper 2
Published in Amanda Rabone, Benedict Thomson, Nicky Dineen, Vincent Helyar, Aidan Shaw, The Final FRCR, 2020
Amanda Rabone, Benedict Thomson, Nicky Dineen, Vincent Helyar, Aidan Shaw
Chondrosarcoma is the most common malignant bone tumour in adults. It has a range of behaviour (slow growing to aggressive and metastasising), and is typically a large well-defined lytic lesion with endosteal scalloping and internal chondroid matrix.
Primary Bone Tumors
Published in Pat Price, Karol Sikora, Treatment of Cancer, 2020
Jeremy S. Whelan, Rob C. Pollock, Rachael E. Windsor, Mahbubl Ahmed
Osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma together constitute the greatest number of cases. Occurring most often in teenagers and young adults, both diseases are now curable in a significant proportion of cases with modern multimodality treatment. Nevertheless, achieving further improvements in survival continues to prove challenging despite strong international commitment to conducting clinical trials. Chondrosarcoma, a locally aggressive tumor of adults, is often successfully cured surgically but for those with more aggressive, metastatic or recurrent disease, there are few effective treatments. Recent advances in our knowledge of the underlying biology of chondrosarcoma give encouragement for advances in treatment.
Sarcomas
Published in E. George Elias, CRC Handbook of Surgical Oncology, 2020
Chondrosarcoma is a malignant tumor that tends to occur more often in centrally located flat bones such as the pelvis, sacrum, and scapula. However, it can occur at any place, with a slight predominance in males and often in the 4th and 5th decades of life. Although the majority does develop de novo, some develop in a preexisting chondroma. The growth rate of chondrosarcoma is slow and, therefore, the diagnosis is not made until they reach a fair size and present as a mass, or they may compress a nerve structure giving rise to pain. It invades the bone and the musculature nearby, and it usually has a multilobular appearance. Areas of calcification may be seen in or at the margins of the tumor. The diagnosis is suspected by radiological examination and is confirmed by incisional biopsy.
Primary temporal bone chondrosarcoma: experience with 10 cases
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica, 2019
Kun Zhang, Peng Qu, Endong Zhang, Chunfu Dai, Yilai Shu, Bing Chen
Chondrosarcoma is a malignant tumor originating from chondroid tissue or chondroid bone. The incidence of chondrosarcoma is second only to osteosarcoma. It mainly occurs in adults over 30 years old. It often occurs in long bones of limbs, especially in metaphysis [1,2]. Chondrosarcoma of the head and neck accounts for about 5%–12% [3]. It is common in sella turcica, anterior ethmoid or anterior skull base, and primary intratemporal chondrosarcoma is rare. Because of the special anatomical structure of temporal bone, which is adjacent to important nerves and blood vessels, early diagnosis and timely treatment of chondrosarcoma occurring in this area are particularly important. But the optimal management of patients with tumor of Temporal Bone Chondrosarcoma (TBC) also remains a topic of debate and controversy. TBC is as insensitive to radiotherapy and chemotherapy as chondrosarcoma of other parts. Resection surgery with or without adjuvant radiotherapy is advocated by most otorhinolaryngologist as the standard treatment for this disease [4,5].
Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma of the orbit: A case report with 5 years of follow-up
Published in Orbit, 2018
Md. Shahid Alam, Nirmala Subramanian, Akruti Sunil Desai, S. Krishnakumar
Histopathological examination showed well-differentiated malignant tumor cells composed of cartilage component interspersed with round and spindle cells. Islands of bone formation, calcification and well-differentiated cartilage along with vascular channels were also seen. The round cells and the spindle cells showed nuclear atypia and mitotic activity (Figure 3). The findings were consistent with mesenchymal chondrosarcoma. The patient was advised post-operative radiotherapy, which she was willing to undergo only at her native place. The patient was strongly counseled for a long term and regular follow up. Patient reviewed back after completing the course of radiotherapy, and was on regular follow up thereafter for 5 years (Figure 1B). CT scan done at last follow up did not show any recurrence and metastatic work up was negative.
The incidence of brainstem toxicity following high-dose conformal proton therapy for adult skull-base malignancies
Published in Acta Oncologica, 2022
Adam L. Holtzman, Michael S. Rutenberg, Alexandra N. De Leo, Dinesh Rao, Jeet Patel, Christopher G. Morris, Daniel J. Indelicato, William M. Mendenhall
In total, 163 patients received a minimum of 45 GyRBE to 0.03 cm3 of the brainstem. Patient and tumor characteristics are summarized in Table 1. The median patient age was 50 years (range 23–81 years). Over half of the patients had at least one baseline medical condition with a known potential contributor to central nervous system injury, most commonly hypertension (37%) and smoking (26%). Several patients had multiple comorbidities. More patients were treated for conventional chordoma (63%) than chondrosarcoma (37%), and most cases represented a primary (91%) rather than recurrent disease following initial surgery alone (9%) on presentation. No patients with mesenchymal chondrosarcoma were included.