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Mammography and Interventional Breast Procedures
Published in Raymond Taillefer, Iraj Khalkhali, Alan D. Waxman, Hans J. Biersack, Radionuclide Imaging of the Breast, 2021
Beginning in the fourth decade of life, cysts become more common. They are more common than fibroadenoma among women in their 40s and 50s [31]. They most likely represent dilatation of the terminal ducts within the lobules, as a result of duct obstruction and/or an imbalance between secretions and resorption. Cysts are usually round or oval and have well-circumscribed margins. They are usually multiple and bilateral and do not distort the architecture of the breast (Fig. 17). Calcification is infrequent, but may be seen as a thin peripheral eggshell, which may extend along part or all of the circumference [31]. Intracystic cancer is extremely rare but if aspiration reveals old blood, or they recur after multiple aspiration, biopsy is warranted.
Prolactin Receptors in Normal Tissues and in Animal Models for Breast Cancer
Published in Nagasawa Hiroshi, Prolactin and Lesions in Breast, Uterus, and Prostate, 2020
Paul A. Kelly, David Gould, Hiroaki Okamura, Jean Dijane
Several excellent reviews on PRL and breast cancer have appeared.88-98 Spontaneous mammary tumors appear in a high percentage of rats 24 months of age or older. These tumors are usually a single fibroadenoma.93 Multiparous rats have been observed to have a higher incidence of spontaneous tumors than nulliparous animals.99 The positive role of PRL in the development of these spontaneous tumors has been clarified by several studies. Welsch et al.100 observed that rats receiving multiple pituitary homographs, which produce elevated PRL levels, had a greater incidence of spontaneous mammary tumors than did the control rats. The same group also showed that median-eminence hypothalamic lesions which increased plasma PRL levels in female rats, also markedly increased spontaneous tumor development.99 The continued growth of established spontaneous mammary tumors can be rapidly reversed and regression induced by administration of ergot drugs which lower plasma PRL levels,101 These data indicate that the spontaneous mammary tumors of the rat are PRL dependent, increasing in incidence with increased PRL levels and regressing where PRL levels decline.
The breasts
Published in C. Simon Herrington, Muir's Textbook of Pathology, 2020
Fibroadenomas are common in women of reproductive age and are most frequent in women in their 30s, usually presenting as symptomatic, well-defined mobile lumps. They may also present as radiological microcalcification (Figure 16.9). They may be multiple and/or bilateral; this may be associated with a family history of fibroadenomas, Carney complex or in renal transplant patients in receipt of cyclosporin. However, the aetiology of fibroadenoma remains relatively poorly understood; recent studies using next-generation sequencing-based exome sequencing have highlighted that mediator complex subunit 12 (MED12) somatic mutations may be present in the stromal component of many fibroadenomas. The tumourigenic impact of such mutations is, however, likely to be multifaceted, involving both aberrant oestrogen signalling (through cellular interactions with oestrogen receptors α and β) as well as potentially through attenuated cell cycle arrest through actions via p53.
Breast lesions and cancer: histopathology and molecular classification in a referral hospital in Ghana
Published in Alexandria Journal of Medicine, 2021
N. A. Titiloye, K. Bedu-Addo, E. Atta Manu, C. Ameh-Mensah, F. Opoku, B. M. Duduyemi
Fibroadenoma was the most frequent benign breast disease seen in our cohort (54% of benign conditions), while fibrocystic change came in second (8.1% of benign conditions). Although some disparities exist in the proportions of fibroadenoma and fibrocystic change across different populations and geographical settings with some few studies reporting higher proportions of fibrocystic change [29], it is widely acknowledged that fibroadenoma is the commonest among black-skinned populations [22] as made evident by numerous other studies [10,24–27,30]. More so, there is no breast cancer screening program in Ghana, and cases in this study, like other previous studies, are symptomatic breast cases. Most studies on symptomatic breast cases have higher percentages of fibroadenoma than the other benign breast lesions seen from the screen-detected cases.
Technical analysis of US imaging for precise microwave ablation for benign breast tumours
Published in International Journal of Hyperthermia, 2018
Changwen Li, Cuiying Li, Han Ge, Mengdi Liang, Ge Ma, Lijun Ling, Hong Pan, Haiyan Gong, Hui Xie, Qiang Ding, Wenbin Zhou, Shui Wang
Several limitations still existed in this study. First, only one case was not completely ablated. The failure factors cannot be analysed, which may be very important for beginners. Second, the follow-up data was partly reported in our previous study, and the volume of the ablated tumour decreased significantly during the first 6 months. About 12 months after MWA, the ablated tumour disappeared completely in most cases (data not shown). Because this study focussed on the accurate MWA of benign breast tumour, the long-term outcomes have not been reported. Future studies are still needed to determine the long-term outcomes. Third, most enrolled tumours were diagnosed with fibroadenomas, and others were diagnosed with other solid benign breast disease. The difference between them was not analysed. Fourth, although our results were encouraging, they should be confirmed in other centres.
Dosimetric analysis of ultrasound-guided high intensity focused ultrasound ablation for breast fibroadenomas: a retrospective study
Published in International Journal of Hyperthermia, 2022
Cai Zhang, Mengdi Liang, Tiansong Xia, Heng Yin, Hongwei Yang, Zhibiao Wang, Lian Zhang
Fibroadenoma is the most common benign breast tumor in women. Although women of any age can develop this benign tumor, it usually occurs in young women [1,2]. It was reported that about 10% of women have breast fibroadenoma in their lifetime, accounting for 67%−94% of all breast biopsies in women under the age of 20 years [3,4]. Surgical excision is the conventional treatment of choice for fibroadenoma, but patients are worried about the breast scar that may lead to poor cosmetic results. Although vacuum-assisted mammotomy (VAM) was thought to be an alternative treatment in the management of breast fibroadenomas with size smaller than 3 cm, it is still an invasive treatment and the complications of severe bleeding, hematomas, post-operative infections may occur [5].