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Neurology in Documentaries
Published in Eelco F. M. Wijdicks, Neurocinema—The Sequel, 2022
Her language deficit can be understood as speech devoid of specific words (nouns and verbs), using only pronouns (his, it, they), and often she does not know what she is referring to. Speech is also convoluted, meandering, and disjointed. This loss of vocabulary is characteristic of dementia, with patients answering in short sentences and showing nothing of the verbal sophistication known before to family members.11 Lee frequently loses her train of thought. Her language is best characterized as an aphasic dementia and not a primary progressive aphasia. She is unaware of her speech deficit.
Degenerative Diseases of the Nervous System
Published in Philip B. Gorelick, Fernando D. Testai, Graeme J. Hankey, Joanna M. Wardlaw, Hankey's Clinical Neurology, 2020
James A. Mastrianni, Elizabeth A. Harris
Conversely, CBD pathology may clinically mimic clinical presentation of other pathologies including: PSP: significant clinical overlap between clinical features of PSP and CBD is recognized.FTD.Primary progressive aphasia.Progressive speech and oral apraxia.Posterior cortical atrophy (early and prominent visuospatial/visuoperceptive deficits).AD.
Neurologic Disorders in Documentary Film
Published in Eelco F.M. Wijdicks, Neurocinema, 2014
Her language deficit can be understood as speech devoid of specific content words (nouns and verbs), using only pronouns (his, it, they), and often she does not know what she is referring to. Speech is also convoluted, meandering, disjointed, and circumlocuting. This emptying out of speech and vocabulary is fairly characteristic in dementia, with patients answering in short sentences and showing nothing of the verbal sophistication known before to family members. Lee loses her train of thought frequently. Her language is best characterized as an aphasic dementia and not a primary progressive aphasia. She is not aware of her speech deficit.
Beyond borders: Innovative ways of thinking and working in speech-language pathology
Published in International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 2023
Lisa Furlong, Kerry Ttofari Eecen
Calder et al. (2023) encourages us to reflect on our practice and consider our use of domain-specific language assessments in diagnosing developmental language disorder (DLD) and profiling language ability in children. In their study, Calder and colleagues investigated the performance of children with and without a diagnosis of DLD on a measure of receptive vocabulary. They found that children with DLD did not demonstrate pronounced deficits on this measure. Therefore, despite the widespread use of such tools in clinical practice, the authors caution against relying solely on domain-specific language assessments given their tendency to overestimate a child’s language ability. Determining the presence of DLD and understanding a child’s language profile requires a comprehensive assessment battery that captures the complexities and multifaceted nature of DLD, including functional impact. Ho et al. (2023) also explored issues surrounding diagnosis in a qualitative study involving people with primary progressive aphasia and their families. Their findings indicated that people with primary progressive aphasia encounter several barriers to accessing health care during both the diagnostic and post-diagnostic process. The authors call for more supportive processes and accessible information during the diagnostic stages, to improve quality of care for people with primary progressive aphasia.
Principles and philosophies for speech and language therapists working with people with primary progressive aphasia: an international expert consensus
Published in Disability and Rehabilitation, 2023
A. Volkmer, J. Cartwright, L. Ruggero, A. Beales, J. Gallée, S. Grasso, M. Henry, R. Jokel, J. Kindell, R. Khayum, M. Pozzebon, E. Rochon, C. Taylor-Rubin, R. Townsend, F. Walker, S. Beeke, D. Hersh
Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) is a rare dementia syndrome associated with slow and continuous decline of language function. Individuals with PPA present with difficulties in speech and language on an initial background of no, or few cognitive impairments [1]. The condition affects around three in 100 000 people [2,3]; however, the true prevalence is difficult to determine due to heterogeneity of the underlying pathologies [4–7]. As there are currently no curative treatments for PPA, the condition progresses relentlessly over time. In the later stages of the condition, symptoms evolve towards a more global dementia presentation and changes in episodic motor function, memory, behaviour and personality may emerge, overlapping with other dementia syndromes [8–10]. Speech and language therapists/pathologists (SLT/Ps), have worked for many years with people with PPA, albeit typically in small numbers. Multiple interventions have emerged as being well-suited to ameliorate the impact of PPA [11–14]. It remains unclear which interventions are most effective or most important to consider at different stages of the condition. As such, a gap in knowledge exists that increases the difficulties clinicians face when making management decisions.
No negative impact of word retraining on vocabulary use or clarity of communication in semantic dementia
Published in Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 2023
Sharon A. Savage, Leonie F. Lampe, Lyndsey Nickels
Nine participants who previously took part in a word-relearning study run by FRONTIER (the Frontotemporal Dementia Research Group) in Sydney, Australia, were included in the study. All participants met criteria for the semantic variant of Primary Progressive Aphasia (Gorno-Tempini et al., 2011) based upon a detailed clinical and neuropsychological assessment and structural brain magnetic resonance imaging. Each participant had a history of word finding difficulties, of between 3 and 9 years in duration, and showed marked naming deficits on standard tests when compared with age-matched controls (Table 1). Comprehension and semantic deficits ranged from mild to severe, as did the degree of general cognitive impairment. The typical pattern of anterior and medial temporal lobe atrophy was observed in each case, with greater left than right atrophy in seven participants, and the reverse pattern in two participants (see Figure 1).