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Compression Neuropathies
Published in J. Terrence Jose Jerome, Clinical Examination of the Hand, 2022
Upton and Mac describe the concept of staged nerve compression [19].Double crush syndrome: The proximal nerve compression makes it more sensitive to another more distal nerve compression by cumulative effects on antegrade axonal transport.Reverse double crush syndrome: The distal nerve compression can promote the emergence of a more proximal nerve compression syndrome (entrapment syndrome) by alterations in the retrograde axonal transport. For example, a proximal cervical disc prolapse with nerve compression causes radiculopathy or thoracic outlet syndrome associated with a carpal tunnel syndrome distally.
Peripheral Nerve Microcirculation
Published in John H. Barker, Gary L. Anderson, Michael D. Menger, Clinically Applied Microcirculation Research, 2019
A number of pathologic conditions in the nerve are considered to have a microcirculation component. One of the most common disease entities is nerve compression syndrome. A localized compression of the nerve causes a disruption of blood flow producing at first paresthesias but also numbness, and pain if prolonged. If the compression occurs over extensive periods, the axons become permanently damaged, disrupting transport of materials across the site. Eventually, demyelination and cell death occur distal to the compression site. This disruption may affect proximal sites. Microcirculation changes include increased vascular permeability that may precede changes in flow.19 Higher endoneurial pressure led to lower flow conditions. Much of the evidence for these findings is circumstantial and has not been proved in the clinical situation.
Quality of life and satisfaction in patients surgically treated for cubital tunnel syndrome
Published in Neurological Research, 2023
María Elena Córdoba-Mosqueda, Lukas Rasulić, Andrija Savić, Jovan Grujić, Filip Vitošević, Milan Lepić, Aleksa Mićić, Stefan Radojević, Stefan Mandić-Rajčević, Ivana Jovanović, Carlos Alberto Rodríguez-Aceves
The retinaculum forms the cubital tunnel; it straddles a gap of about 4 mm between the medial epicondyle and the olecranon. The capsule and the posterior band of the medial collateral ligament of the elbow joint create the floor of the tunnel [1] (Figure 1). Cubital tunnel syndrome (CuTS) is the second-most common nerve compression syndrome [2,3]. The incidence is 25 cases per 100,000 person-years, affecting up to 6% of the population [3]. It occurs more often at the end of the fifth decade [4]. Several factors such as gender, low or high body mass index (BMI), smoking, alcohol, occupation, repetitive arm motion, education level, sporting activities, hobbies, previous fracture around the elbow or subluxation of the elbow joint, Diabetes Mellitus (DM), hypothyroidism, and hypertension have been associated with the development of ulnar nerve compression [4,5].