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Sources of information in the assessment process
Published in Helen Taylor, Ian Stuart-Hamilton, Assessing the Nursing and Care Needs of Older Adults, 2021
There is even a lack of agreement on the definitive criteria for cognitive impairment, and this can result in differences in the evaluation of its incidence.58 Researchers in this area have used a variety of different selection criteria for their studies, and not only is cognitive impairment assessed in different ways, but also terms such as ‘dementia’ and ‘cognitive impairment’ have been variously defined.59-61 One definition of ‘mild cognitive impairment’, and that most commonly adopted in the literature, is ‘a generic term for all cognitive changes observed in ageing’58 (p. 403). It might therefore be concluded that as cognitive state declines it would be reclassified as first ‘moderate’ and then ‘severe’ accordingly.
Dementia
Published in Sally Robinson, Priorities for Health Promotion and Public Health, 2021
Pat Chung, Trish (Patricia) Vella-Burrows
Mild cognitive impairment means that an individual has problems with thinking or memory, but this alone does not lead to a diagnosis of dementia (NICE 2019). Between 5% and 20% of people aged over 65 in the UK have mild cognitive impairment. Of those, about half are likely to develop dementia (NICE, 2019; Alzheimer’s Society, 2020a).
Managing patients with dementia
Published in Christopher Dowrick, Global Primary Mental Health Care, 2019
Ferdinando Petrazzuoli, Christos Lionis, Venetia Young
Which of the following statements is not true? Mild cognitive impairment always evolves into dementia.According to DSM-V mild cognitive impairment is called mild neurocognitive disorder.Mild cognitive impairment can be considered a transitional state between normal and pathologic cognitive decline.Individuals with major neurocognitive disorder exhibit cognitive deficits that interfere with independence, while persons with mild neurocognitive disorder may retain the ability to be independent.
Associations of alcohol consumption and dietary behaviors with severe cognitive impairment among Chinese older men and women
Published in Journal of Substance Use, 2023
Yen-Han Lee, Trishnee Bhurosy, Yen-Chang Chang, Ching-Ti Liu, Mack Shelley
Dietary behaviors might be important confounding factors related to chronic health issues, given that healthy dietary patterns can prevent chronic diseases in the long term (McCullough et al., 2002; Neuhouser, 2019; Schulze et al., 2018). Studying the relationship of alcohol use and dietary behavior with a chronic condition like dementia or cognitive impairment is essential because alcohol use is commonly consumed at the dining table, which has become part of the dining culture, especially in China. Hence, we carried out a secondary analysis by using the Chinese version of the mini-mental state exam (MMSE) from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS), which is a publicly available dataset. MMSE is used to examine older adults’ level of dementia and cognitive function, but some might suggest that MMSE should not be used in isolation to confirm or exclude dementia (Creavin et al., 2016). However, we also need to keep in mind others suggest that mild cognitive impairment is a state between normal cognitive function and dementia (Hugo & Ganguli, 2014), which explains the association between dementia and cognitive impairment. Higher level of cognitive impairment could be a strong indicator of dementia. We aimed to study the associations of alcohol and dietary consumption with cognitive impairment among Chinese older adults.
The impact of cognitive and behavioral impairment in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Published in Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics, 2020
William Huynh, Rebekah Ahmed, Colin J. Mahoney, Chilan Nguyen, Sicong Tu, Jashelle Caga, Patricia Loh, Cindy S-Y Lin, Matthew C. Kiernan
Whilst there have been few studies that have not shown a difference in survival between ALS patients with and without cognitive impairment [33,40,46], there has been an increasing number of reports demonstrating clear effects of cognitive dysfunction on prognosis [5,11,118]. Discrepancies may have been explained by differences in the cognitive test batteries utilized with some not sufficiently sensitive to detect impairment [40], as well as subcategorization of cognitive scores that may have not included an executive domain [46]. Underscoring this, no significant differences were observed in median survival time between patients with nonexecutive cognitive impairment and intact cognition [118]. There have been observations suggesting that in the absence of dementia, moderate but not mild cognitive impairment has a significant negative effect on survival [119,120]. Taken together, those with significant executive impairment have on average 12–22 months reduction in median survival compared to their cognitive intact counterparts [11,118,121], and three times greater risk of death [38,118] (Figure 3).
Supplements, nutrition, and alternative therapies for the treatment of traumatic brain injury
Published in Nutritional Neuroscience, 2018
Brandon P. Lucke-Wold, Aric F. Logsdon, Linda Nguyen, Ahmed Eltanahay, Ryan C. Turner, Patrick Bonasso, Chelsea Knotts, Adam Moeck, Joseph C. Maroon, Julian E. Bailes, Charles L. Rosen
Patients exposed to repetitive mild TBI can develop chronic symptoms that are both functional and behavioral in nature. Franke and colleagues have shown that mild TBI induces slowing of EEG oscillations.21 This slowing may account for the earlier onset of mild cognitive impairment in this population.22 Furthermore, patients frequently present with deficits in executive function.23 While the above two symptoms are the most debilitating, other common symptoms that are chronic and frequent following mild TBI include headache, fatigue, and irritability.24 Several of these symptoms have been linked to sleep disturbance that is frequently reported after repetitive mild TBIs.25 In rare situations, repetitive mild TBI can also lead to the onset of post-traumatic epilepsy. The etiology however is not fully understood.26 The persistence of symptoms can negatively affect the patient and prevent a return to work.27 We address how supplements and alternative therapies target some of these symptoms later in this review.