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Care
Published in Henry J. Woodford, Essential Geriatrics, 2022
Measuring function helps to assess progress. Activities of daily living (ADLs) are tasks that we perform to maintain a normal existence. In their most basic form, they include walking, eating, washing and dressing. More complex tasks are referred to as instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), which often require the use of objects or tools. These include shopping, preparing meals, using transport, using the telephone and handling finances. Numerous assessment scales have been developed to measure these activities. An example for ADLs is the Barthel index, and for IADLs the Nottingham Extended Activities of Daily Living scale (see Appendix A).
Physical Patient Ergonomics
Published in Richard J. Holden, Rupa S. Valdez, The Patient Factor, 2021
Linsey M. Steege, Lora Cavuoto, Barbara J. King
Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) are tasks associated with basic self-care, independence, and maintaining the quality of life such as feeding, bathing, dressing, grooming, work, toileting, social participation, and leisure. A patient’s ability to independently complete ADLs is often used by health professionals as a measure of physical function (Krapp, 2007). In addition, the completion of ADLs is likely associated with the pursuit of health goals. As defined by the WHO, health is “a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity” (WHO, 2014, p. 1).
Modern Rehabilitation Techniques for COVID-19
Published in Wenguang Xia, Xiaolin Huang, Rehabilitation from COVID-19, 2021
The ability to carry out activities of daily living (ADL) is a basic function necessary to maintain one’s daily life. The main purpose of daily activity training is to help patients establish self-rehabilitation consciousness, give full play to their subjective initiative, improve their self-confidence, and further improve patients’ physical functions, including joint flexibility, coordination, and balance ability, so that they may return to their families and society.
Can assessment of disease burden and quality of life based on mobility level in patients with end-stage cancer provide an insight into unmet needs? An exploratory cross-sectional study
Published in Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 2023
Yeliz Bahar- Ozdemir, Sefik Kaya, Nalan Akgul- Babacan, Tugce Al, Ece Albayrak, Nilufer Coskun, Gulseren Akyuz
Activities of daily living (ADLs) consist of basic activities an individual should be able to perform on his/her own to be able to live independently in society. However, cancer and its treatment process can negatively affect patients’ ability to perform ADL performances, ultimately reducing their QoL. Fatigue, pain, depression, low aerobic capacity, and lack of strength related to cancer and its treatment are associated with decreases in physical function (Sheill, Guinan, Hevey, and Hussey, 2018; Zucchetti et al., 2018). During the terminal stage, there are conditions that result in more physical impairments and consequently, patients experience activity limitations and participation restrictions that may negatively affect their QoL. To overcome physical impairments, patients usually need to use mobility aids (MA) such as canes, crutches, walkers, rollers, or wheelchairs.
Impact of community-based rehabilitation on the physical functioning and activity of daily living of stroke patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Published in Disability and Rehabilitation, 2023
Xinglin Zeng, Joseph K. Balikuddembe, Ping Liang
Stroke is currently reported to be affecting about 16.9 million people globally – making it the second most common cause of death after ischaemic heart disease. Also, it is among the top leading cause of death and disability as well as a third leading cause of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) lost [1]. Stroke is a clinical condition caused by the sudden onset of losing the focal neurological function due to infarction or haemorrhage in the relevant part of the brain, retina, or spinal cord [2]. Almost half of the patients with stroke (PWS) suffer from moderate to severe physical, psychological, and functional impairments. As a result, they are made to depend on assistance of other people in performing their activities of daily living (ADLs) which among others include dressing, bathing, toileting, mobility, and feeding. The situation of PWS not only imposes a significant socioeconomic burden on their families, caregivers, and society but also places a huge demand on the healthcare systems in communities. The burden on the healthcare systems is witnessed in terms of longer hospital admissions or stays in the clinics. As result, it contributes to increased hospital costs, longer-term care expenses, transportation costs, depletion of financial savings to cater for medication costs, equipment and services, especially for those who are not covered by insurance [3–5].
Rising above the Flood: A Systematic Review of Gerontological Social Work in Disaster Preparedness and Response
Published in Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 2022
Susanny J. Beltran, Paola Luigi, Nancy Kusmaul, Milo Leon
Four articles identified in this review focused on describing current practices. These four articles highlight barriers, challenges, and special considerations for disaster planning and emergency management social work practice, based on setting and population. Claver et al. (2013) conducted semi-structured interviews with key informants (i.e., nursing home staff) from Veteran Health Administration (VHA) nursing homes (VANH) involved in evacuating and receiving VANH residents during hurricanes Katrina and Rita in 2005. This study explored the characteristics of the residents, and lessons learned by staff through the experience. Nursing homes constitute one of the highest levels of care, with residents typically requiring 24-hour care to meet their activities of daily living (ADL) or instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) needs. In addition to ADL and IADL needs, the VANH residents evacuated all required some form of skilled nursing, such as wound care or feeding tube maintenance. Key informants reported that the high level of need and physiological vulnerabilities among residents created logistical challenges when trying to evaluate or transfer residents. In addition to logistical challenges, both evacuating and receiving facility staff reported that psychological distress ensued, and cognitive deficits were exacerbated by the confusion and chaos involved in making urgent, emergency changes to the residents’ environment and routines.