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The Role of the SLP and Assistive Technology in Life Care Planning
Published in Roger O. Weed, Debra E. Berens, Life Care Planning and Case Management Handbook, 2018
Research has shown that biofeedback will help people with acquired apraxia of speech to improve their motor planning abilities. Acquired apraxia of speech is a motor speech disorder in which the messages from the brain to the mouth are disrupted and the person cannot move his or her lips or tongue to the right place to say sounds correctly, even though the muscles are not weak. The severity of apraxia depends on the nature of the brain damage, and apraxia can occur in conjunction with dysarthria (muscle weakness affecting speech production) or aphasia (language difficulties related to neurological damage). Apraxia is known as acquired apraxia of speech, verbal apraxia, and dyspraxia. Electropalatography (EPG) appears to be a promising treatment tool for people with this disorder (Kuruvilla et al., 2008).
Discussions (D)
Published in Terence R. Anthoney, Neuroanatomy and the Neurologic Exam, 2017
An interesting variation is provided by Thornas and Dale, who are unique in not mentioning the term “motor aphasia” or a synonym even once in their entire discussion of “Language” (1981, p. 228–237). Apparently, they consider any problem with speech production which is secondary to a lesion in the cerebral cortex or underlying association fibers to be “apraxia of speech.” For example, on p. 237, they state that special difficulty with speech production, which they equate there with “apraxia of speech,” occurs with lesions “Around the central sulcus,” especially in “Broca’s area.” Though a patient’s cortical lesion cause her/him great difficulty in expressing her/himself orally, if it also causes even a slight problem with comprehending language, Thornas and Dale describe the abnormalities as follows: … a patient with mild aphasic impairment might have severe difficulty with the motor aspect of speech production, that is, aphasia with apraxia of speech” (p. 234). In other words, they have defined “motor aphasia” out of existence!
Rehabilitation of Apraxia in Adults and Children
Published in Barbara A. Wilson, Jill Winegardner, Caroline M. van Heugten, Tamara Ownsworth, Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 2017
Caroline M. van Heugten, Chantal Geusgens
In a review on treatment of acquired apraxia of speech Ballard et al. (2015) concluded that both articulatory-kinematic and rate/rhythm approaches to AOS treatment show the strongest effects. Earlier, Knollman-Porter (2008) also recommended the use of augmentative/alternative communication devices, intersystemic facilitation/reorganization, constraint-induced therapy and addressing functional communication in support groups outside the therapeutic environment. In a study with two individuals, constraint-induced aphasia therapy (CIAT) seemed to be effective in increasing word retrieval in patients with chronic aphasia with comorbid AOS (Kurland et al., 2012).
Review of methods for conducting speech research with minimally verbal individuals with autism spectrum disorder
Published in Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 2023
Karen V. Chenausky, Marc Maffei, Helen Tager-Flusberg, Jordan R. Green
Because childhood apraxia of speech has been identified as occurring more frequently in children with neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism, than in the general population (Baylis & Shriberg, 2018; Chenausky et al., 2019; Fedorenko et al., 2016; Mei et al., 2018; Morgan et al., 2021; Raca et al., 2013; Shriberg, 2008, Shriberg et al., 2011, Shriberg, Strand, et al., 2019), this disorder is briefly discussed in more detail. The core impairment in childhood apraxia of speech is in planning speech movements in the absence of neuromuscular deficits (American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, 2007). This deficit results in speech that is imprecise, inconsistent, and frequently unintelligible. Childhood apraxia of speech is diagnosed clinically by a speech-language pathologist with specific expertise in pediatric motor speech disorders during a thorough speech-language assessment. The speech-language pathologist identifies discriminative features that include, but are not limited to, the three consensus criteria developed by ASHA: (a) lengthened and disrupted coarticulatory transitions between speech sounds, (b) inappropriate prosody, and (c) inconsistent errors (American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, 2007).
Management of communication disability in the first 90 days after stroke: a scoping review
Published in Disability and Rehabilitation, 2022
Caroline Baker, Abby M. Foster, Sarah D’Souza, Erin Godecke, Ciara Shiggins, Edwina Lamborn, Lucette Lanyon, Ian Kneebone, Miranda L. Rose
This review aimed to include evidence that addressed all types of neurogenic communication disabilities as a consequence of stroke. However, the vast majority of eligible studies addressed either assessment, treatment, or management approaches of one specific communication disability after stroke: aphasia (103/129). Far fewer studies were identified that focused on the management of other neurogenic communication disabilities, such as dysarthria (3/129), cognitive-communication disability (8/129), and sensory loss post-stroke (4/129). Only one study focused on the management of the locked-in syndrome. Two studies focused on apraxia of speech. The variation of diagnostic criteria in apraxia of speech, and common co-morbidity with aphasia, is likely to contribute to the challenges of research and clinical practice management after stroke [167].
Clinical profile of primary progressive aphasias in a tertiary care centre from India
Published in International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 2019
Appaswamy Thirumal Prabhakar, Vivek Mathew, Ajith Sivadasan, Sanjith Aaron, Anirudh George, Mathew Alexander
Of the 23 patients with PPA, 16 (69.6%) were diagnosed with PPA-G. The mean age was 58.8 years and more males were affected. The mean duration of disease at the time of presentation was 3 years. Patients presented with agrammatism, anomia and non-fluent speech. Their speech was effortful and agrammatic, and single word comprehension was normal but complex comprehension was impaired. Phonemic paraphasias were noted in five patients. Two patients had severe apraxia of speech (AOS) at the time of presentation. Seven patients were bilingual, and 3 patients had relative preservation of the mother tongue. During the follow-up period, 3 patients developed features of cortico-basal syndrome and parkinsonism. MRIs of the brains of patients showed prominence of the left Sylvian fissure in 15 (93.7%) patients and left inferior frontal gyrus atrophy in 12(75%) patients.