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Infestations and Bites
Published in Ayşe Serap Karadağ, Lawrence Charles Parish, Jordan V. Wang, Roxburgh's Common Skin Diseases, 2022
Laboratory studies: The diagnosis is confirmed by identifying the Sarcoptes scabiei mite or its eggs or scabala from mineral oil skin scrapings or biopsy by using cyanoacrylate glue. Clinical response to empiric treatment suffices as indirect evidence of scabies.
Dermatology
Published in Kaji Sritharan, Jonathan Rohrer, Alexandra C Rankin, Sachi Sivananthan, Essential Notes for Medical and Surgical Finals, 2021
Kaji Sritharan, Jonathan Rohrer, Alexandra C Rankin, Sachi Sivananthan
Includes scabies (caused by Sarcoptes scabiei). Clinical features: pruritus, papular rash, burrows around hands/feet (often in finger web spaces). Treatment: permethrin or malathion; if lice (various types), malathion.
Chronic erythematous rash and lesions on trunk and limbs
Published in Richard Ashton, Barbara Leppard, Differential Diagnosis in Dermatology, 2021
Richard Ashton, Barbara Leppard
Scabies is an infestation with the human scabies mite Sarcoptes scabiei. It is transmitted by prolonged skin to skin contact with someone who has it (usually by lying next to someone in bed all night or by holding hands). A fertilised female has to be transferred for infestation to take place. She will then find a place to lay her eggs (a burrow). 4–6 weeks later a secondary hypersensitivity rash occurs. This is characterised by intense itching particularly at night. The rash is made up of excoriated papules scattered over the trunk and limbs but sparing the face (except in infants). The diagnosis is confirmed by finding one or more burrows (often there are fewer than 10 in total to be found). These are linear S-shaped papules, 3–5 mm in length usually along the sides of the fingers or on the front of the wrists. Less commonly they can be found along the sides of the feet, around the nipples, on the buttocks or on the genitalia. There is almost always a rash on the hands, and in males papules on the penis and scrotum. Other members of the family or sexual partners may also be itching. Scabies in developing countries can be associated with an increased incidence of streptococcal infection complications such as glomerulonephritis and rheumatic fever. Although scratching and skin damage makes colonisation of Staph. and Strep. more likely, it is probable that the scabies mite itself may play a part in allowing these Streptococcal antigens to damage the kidney or heart.
‘Loss of efficacy of topical 5% permethrin for treating scabies: an Austrian single-center study’
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2022
Damian Meyersburg, Andreas Kaiser, Johann Wolfgang Bauer
Scabies, a skin condition due to the microscopic mite Sarcoptes scabiei, is a rising major public health problem worldwide and has recently been designated as a neglected tropical disease by the World Health Organization (WHO) [1]. The soaring use of acaricides and the marked rise in the number of diagnoses are indicative of an increase in the prevalence of scabies in Western Europe in the last few years, though no official data on current and past disease incidence exist [2]. This notable increase in scabies cases might be explained by an increase of at-risk groups, such as refugees with highly prevalent scabies (up to 50% of children and 10% of the total population), and by the occurrence of factors known to favor the disease (e.g. poverty, poor sanitation, high population density and household crowding) [2].
Scabies outbreak investigation and treatment in the Sekyere East District, Ghana: A call to end the neglect
Published in Cogent Medicine, 2021
Justice Ofori-Amoah, Sheila Ofori Addai, Oppong Ampratwum, Michael Rockson Adjei, Gideon Asare, Juliana Adu Mensah, Aziz Obeng, Ziblim Natogmah, Justice Thomas Sevugu, Williams Agyemang-Duah, Job Kusi, Francis Gumah, Yaw Ampem Amoako
Scabies is an ectoparasitic infection caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei and spread by person to person contact. It presents various abnormal skin lesions (nodules, pustules, papules, and occasionally urticarial) (Chouela et al., 2002; Moberg et al., 1984), with common manifestation being itching around the infected area. Scabies is considered one of the Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs), highly prevalent in developing countries with the most vulnerable being children and the elderly in resource-poor communities (Badiaga et al., 2005).
A case of Norwegian scabies in a patient with leukemia cutis secondary to chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Published in Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives, 2020
Sarcoptes Scabiei var. hominis is an obligate ectoparasite that is known to cause two different forms of infections in terms of severity, symptoms, infectious capabilities, and the type of population affected [2,3]. It is a major worldwide public health issue affecting as many as 200 million people at any time as per the WHO [4]. It is also notorious for masquerading as other dermatological conditions like eczema, psoriasis, seborrheic dermatitis, lichen planus, and in this case leukemia cutis [1].