China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Inflammatory, Hypersensitivity and Immune Lung Diseases, including Parasitic Diseases.
Published in Fred W Wright, Radiology of the Chest and Related Conditions, 2022
Paragonimiasis (due to P. westermanii) or 'lung fluke' is contracted by eating infected uncooked or improperly cooked crab or other Crustacea. It is found particularly in China and other parts of the Far East, where it may give rise to 'epidemic haemoptysis'. As with ascaris, the larvae pass through the jejunal wall and migrate to the lungs and other organs, including the brain, liver, etc. Brownish sputum, containing ova, may be expectorated. The pulmonary lesions may resemble tuberculosis, with consolidation around the parasites. Later, nodules are formed, which in turn become thin-walled cysts, burrows or cavities, and finally the lesions may calcify often with 'target' or central calcification. CT may show small 'ring-shaped cysts' in the lungs, liver and brain. In the lungs they are mainly in the sub-pleural area and adjacent pleural reaction may be present.
Current Status of Paragonimus and Paragonimiasis
Published in Max J. Miller, E. J. Love, Parasitic Diseases: Treatment and Control, 2020
It is conceivable, of course, that gastrointestinal symptoms may develop within 7 to 8 d after consumption of the infected crabs, considering the migration route of the juveniles of P. westermani in the definitive hosts. In chronic cases, only cough and bloody sputum are particular symptoms of paragonimiasis.
The 1920s: consolidation of the Society, but still no permanent base, and an unfortunate episode involving the Colonial Office
Published in Gordon C. Cook, Twenty-Six Portland Place, 2019
Ingesting parasites in contaminated food also did not escape him: … Practically everyone in the Far East is a host for some of these parasites, often of many. Experience teaches us that we cannot use too many precautions to avoid the contamination of fresh vegetables from ova-infected sewage. It is also possible that the infection of endemic haemoptysis [paragonimiasis] may be conveyed by eating uncooked crabs. The infection of meat by Taenia saginata, T solium, and the Echinococcus are so well known that they need only be mentioned, but whether Hymenolepis nana, Davainea, and Sparganum are contracted through food is not known. Dibothrocephalus latus is, undoubtedly, ingested in raw fish in Madagascar and South Africa. It is probable that most forms of Entamoeba may be swallowed and infect man through food, as they have been proved by Wenyon, Sellards, Brumpt, and others to be able to infect animals in this way; indeed Walker and Sellards, in the Philippines, have infected men by feeding them with Entamoeba histolytica.The larvae of flies may be swallowed in [the] food on which they have developed; at least twenty species of dipterous larvae have been found in, or expelled from the human intestinal canal, and these when found are a great source of concern to the patient.
Identification of suspected paragonimiasis-endemic foci using a questionnaire and detection of Paragonimus ova using the Ziehl–Neelsen technique in Zamboanga Region, the Philippines
Published in Pathogens and Global Health, 2020
John Paul Caesar delos Trinos, Olivia T Sison, Maria Reiza C Anino, Jana Denise M. Lacuna, Manuel C. Jorge, Vicente Y. Belizario
Paragonimiasis is a neglected tropical disease (NTD) caused by the lung fluke Paragonimus westermani. It is transmitted by the ingestion of raw or inadequately cooked crabs. It is estimated that 21 million people have paragonimiasis, and 293 million people are at risk for infection [1]. In the Philippines, paragonimiasis is known to be endemic in at least 12 provinces [2]. There is a lack of a global program and guidelines specific to paragonimiasis control. While national policies concerning paragonimiasis control exist in the Philippines [3,4], these may need updating and further enhancement. For instance, paragonimiasis control in the country is tucked in a broad policy on Food and Waterborne Diseases Prevention and Control Program [3], which also includes diseases such as amebiasis among others.
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy associated with Paragonimiasis westermani
Published in Paediatrics and International Child Health, 2018
Ryouhei Matsuoka, Jun Muneuchi, Yusaku Nagatomo, Daisuke Shimizu, Seigo Okada, Chiaki Iida, Hiromitsu Shirouzu, Mamie Watanabe, Yasuhiko Takahashi, Haruhiko Maruyama
Cerebral paragonimiasis including eosinophilic meningitis or encephalopathy accounted for about 20% of cases of paragonimiasis [3,13]. Typical MRI findings of cerebral paragonimiasis are conglomerates of multiple ring-shaped shadows or enhancements of so-called ‘soap bubble’ forms in one hemisphere, as seen in the present case [14]. The pathophysiology of cerebral paragonimiasis involves the migration of lung fluke to the brain and catabolism of brain tissue which is followed by an immunological reaction. The main pathological changes include invasive inflammation, cerebral haemorrhage or cerebral infarction [3]. Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is also triggered by central nervous system disorders such as stroke or intracranial bleeding [15,16]. In a recent study of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy complicating ischaemic stroke, ischaemic lesions in the right anterior cerebral arterial circulation, especially the insula cortices and peri-insular area, were found to be associated with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy [15]. It has been reported that the insula and medulla play an important role in cardiovascular autonomic function [17,18]. In this case, the MRI demonstrated evidence of cerebral paragonimiasis of the cortex and subcortical area of the right frontal lobe, which suggests that Takotsubo cardiomyopathy could be caused by central autonomic network dysfunction associated with cerebral lesions. It is also speculated that cardioembolic stroke could be caused by a left ventricular thrombus associated with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy or ventricular fibrillation.