China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Cold Sores/Herpes Simplex/Herpes Labialis
Published in Charles Theisler, Adjuvant Medical Care, 2023
Herpes labialis, also known as cold sores or fever blisters, is a common viral infection. The blisters are caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV). Symptoms usually begin with a tingling or burning sensation on or near the lips. This is followed by the appearance of small, painful, fluid-filled blisters that are single or can be grouped together form on and around the lips. A breakout is often seen after a fever or exposure to wind or sun. The majority of individuals with HSV will not show any symptoms at all between flare-ups. Herpes labialis is contagious for individuals who have not been previously infected by the virus and for those with weakened immune systems. Fewer breakouts and shorter duration for outbreaks are the treatment goals.
Control of Herpesvirus Infections
Published in Fred Rapp, Oncogenic Herpesviruses, 2019
The natural history of untreated infections must be evaluated when considering treatment and control of virus-induced disease. In this way the therapeutic index of a specific treatment (efficacy/toxicity) can be balanced against symptoms or nontreatment. The natural history of some herpesvirus infections (for example, oral and genital herpes simplex virus) are relatively clear concerning the occurrence and resolution of herpetic vesicles and ulcers, although the pathogenesis of underlying sensory ganglion latency is not known. However, the possible role of mucocutaneous herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection on other disease processes, most importantly neoplastic induction, is not clear. The effectiveness of treatment of herpes labialis and genitalis should be as great as possible but with a high margin of safety. Greater treatment risks may logically be taken for treatment of mucocutaneous HSV in immunosuppressed patients and for treatment of HSV encephalitis. If oral or genital HSV infection is definitively shown to be related to induction of neoplasms, greater treatment risks would be permissible in all HSV-infected patients. In addition, were the natural history of such lesions known, it might be apparent that prevention of disease is probably as important or more important than treatment of an episode.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Published in John C Watkinson, Raymond W Clarke, Louise Jayne Clark, Adam J Donne, R James A England, Hisham M Mehanna, Gerald William McGarry, Sean Carrie, Basic Sciences Endocrine Surgery Rhinology, 2018
Neil Ritchie, Alasdair Robertson
Oral herpes simplex commonly presents as herpes labialis (fever blisters, cold sores). The lesions frequently present as small bullae that form ulcerations after they rupture. These lesions are painful and are generally larger in HIV patients than in immunocompetent individuals. Treatment consists of oral acyclovir; long-term secondary prophylaxis may be required for frequent recurrence.
Helicase-primase inhibitors from Medshine Discovery Inc. (WO2018/127207 and WO2020/007355) for the treatment of herpes simplex virus infections – structure proposal for Phaeno Therapeutics drug candidate HN0037
Published in Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents, 2022
Christian Gege, Gerald Kleymann
More than half of the world’s population is chronically infected with herpesviruses. Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections are the cause of herpes labialis (cold sores), genital herpes and sight-impairing keratitis, a major source of blindness worldwide. Less frequently, life-threatening disseminated disease (encephalitis and generalized viremia) can also occur, mainly in immunocompromised patients and neonates [1]. HSV-1 is commonly associated with oral herpes and HSV-2 with genital herpes. Drug development for HSV has been hampered in part by the success of acyclovir, a synthetic nucleoside analog targeting the viral polymerase with a good safety margin, albeit modest effectiveness. A drug that could avoid resistance, reduce outbreaks further or even clear latent virus to achieve a functional cure could have tremendous market success over generic acyclovir and other nucleoside analogues [2].
Oral gel loaded with penciclovir–lavender oil nanoemulsion to enhance bioavailability and alleviate pain associated with herpes labialis
Published in Drug Delivery, 2021
Khaled M. Hosny, Amal M. Sindi, Hala M. Alkhalidi, Mallesh Kurakula, Nabil K. Alruwaili, Nabil A. Alhakamy, Walaa A. Abualsunun, Rana B. Bakhaidar, Rahaf H. Bahmdan, Waleed Y. Rizg, Sarah A. Ali, Wesam H. Abdulaal, Majed S. Nassar, Mohammed S. Alsuabeyl, Adel F. Alghaith, Sultan Alshehri
Herpes labialis, or cold sore, is a viral infection caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and is usually characterized by painful skin or mucosal lesions (Santosh & Muddana, 2020). Several therapeutic strategies have been proposed against herpes labialis along with both short-term and long-term preventive treatments. Amongst the commonly used, both acyclovir and penciclovir (PV) creams are found to be effective against herpes labialis (Opstelten et al., 2008). Topical applications of zinc oxide or zinc sulfate, anesthetic, and antiviral creams can achieve good results upon prompt use, among which antiviral creams are considered the most effective therapeutic strategy.
Q-switched 532 nm Nd:YAG laser therapy for physiological lip hyperpigmentation: novel classification, efficacy, and safety
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2022
Saad Altalhab, Mohammed Aljamal, Thamer Mubki, Naief AlNomair, Shoug Algoblan, Ammar Alalola, Mohammed I. AlJasser, Ahmed Alissa
In conclusion, PLH is characterized by diffuse hyperpigmentation in individuals with dark skin type and is usually associated with significant psychological distress. We show that it can be effectively and safely treated with QS 532 nm Nd:YAG laser. Patients with history of herpes labialis should be put on antiviral prophylaxis as some of our patients had viral reactivation. Care must be taken when treating patients with skin phototypes V and VI as they potentially might develop mottled hypopigmentation. Larger scale studies are needed to confirm these results.