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Paper 4
Published in Aalia Khan, Ramsey Jabbour, Almas Rehman, nMRCGP Applied Knowledge Test Study Guide, 2021
Aalia Khan, Ramsey Jabbour, Almas Rehman
Regarding the antibiotic ciprofloxacin, which one of the followingstatements is false? It is recommended for the treatment of pneumonia in a child.It may cause tendonitis, and lead to tendon rupture.It is active against chlamydia.The dose for treatment of gonorrhoea is a single 500mg dose.Itis a licensed treatment of both inhalational and gastric anthrax.
Knee Pain
Published in Benjamin Apichai, Chinese Medicine for Lower Body Pain, 2021
Begin by obtaining the patient’s medical history: Injury history to the patellar tendon.Career or sports activity that may be factors of patellar tendonitis.General health condition such as obesity.A related medical condition such as kidney failure, autoimmune disease such as systemic lupus erythematosus, type 1 and type 2 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis developed from psoriasis, multiple sclerosis, or Hashimoto's thyroiditis might predispose the patient to patellar tendon injury.
Mechanically Induced Periarticular and Neuromuscular Problems
Published in Verna Wright, Eric L. Radin, Mechanics of Human Joints, 2020
Tendons are surrounded by sheaths mat contain lubricants to allow free sliding of the tendons (11). Again, repetitive impulsive loading causing cumulative microdamage is the likely culprit. Tendonitis is chronic inflammation of the tendon sheath. One must take care in injecting steroids into inflamed tendon sheaths: the stereoid causes matrix deterioration within the tendon substance (12). Steroid injections of tendons have been followed by tendon rupture.
Effectiveness of topical glyceryl trinitrate in treatment of tendinopathy – systematic review and meta-analysis
Published in Disability and Rehabilitation, 2022
Mikhail Saltychev, Jouni Johansson, Viljami Kemppi, Juhani Juhola
Four RCTs have focused on rotator cuff tendinopathy [1,16,22,25], three on tennis elbow [18–20,24], two on Achilles tendinopathy [17,21,23], and one RCTs involved patients with patellar tendinopathy [26]. One study was very different compared to the others – it has included paraplegic wheelchair-users [16]. All the selected studies have been conducted amongst adults. The exclusion criteria have usually included previous traumas, cortisone injections, pregnancy, and allergy. The diagnosis of tendonitis has been confirmed radiologically in two RCTs [16,22]. Other studies have used a clinical evaluation for that purpose. Three RCTs have not limited the duration of tendinopathy symptoms [19,21–23]. Two studies by Pons et al. and by Berrazueta et al. have focused on acute tendinopathy limiting the duration of symptoms to <6 weeks [25] or to 7 days [1]. Others have restricted the duration of symptoms to >3 months. A single study has employed several groups with different NTG dosages [24]. The study by Pons et al. was excluded from the further quantitative analysis due to a very different control treatment [25]. The study by Berrazueta et al. was also excluded from a meta-analysis due to a very short follow-up of 2 days [1]. That way, the meta-analysis was conducted using data extracted from eight RCTs.
The effects of pistol grip power tools on median nerve pressure and tendon strains
Published in International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2022
Ryan Bakker, Mayank Kalra, Sebastian S. Tomescu, Robert Bahensky, Naveen Chandrashekar
CTS is caused by excessive pressure on the median nerve [10], which runs through the carpal tunnel. During pistol grip power tool operation, changes to the median nerve pressure (MNP) can be caused by gripping the handle [2,11–13] and deviating from a neutral wrist position [13–15]. Tendonitis is inflammation of a tendon caused by cumulative trauma through repetitive strain [16]. The tendons of the flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) and flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) muscle groups travel through the carpal tunnel and are responsible for applying grip force and engaging the tool trigger during power tool operation. These tendons are commonly associated with tendonitis [17,18]. While muscular contractions cause these tendons to experience strain during hand-tool gripping tasks, the tendons may experience additional strain from a forceful tool handle rotary displacement due to a reaction torque at the end of a fastener’s travel.
Calcific tendonitis of the flexor pollicis longus tendon at the thumb interphalangeal joint in childhood
Published in Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, 2021
Mimi Phan, Krista Birkemeier, Reshma George, Ricardo Garza-Gongora, Matthew Crisp, Bradley Trotter, Varan Haghshenas
Current imaging modalities for diagnosing calcific tendonitis include conventional radiography, ultrasound, and MRI. Radiographic findings of calcium deposition range from fluffy, ill-defined densities (recent deposit) to homogenous, well-defined densities (chronic deposit).3,9,10 Ultrasound typically demonstrates an arc-shaped, nodular, fragmented, or globular hyperechoic focus with acoustic shadowing.9,10 MRI reveals a hypointense mass within or adjacent to a tendon, ligament, joint capsule, or bursa. A paucity of inflammatory changes surrounding the calcium deposit implies chronicity or a postcalcific stage, which is then typically termed calcific tendinosis if associated with a tendon. The imaging diagnosis of calcific tendonitis is given in the setting of pericalcific inflammatory changes on MRI or ultrasound that indicate edema and hyperemia involving the tendon and adjacent soft tissues and/or bone.3,9