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How Often Do You Think About Oral Health as an Essential Part of Wellness and a Healthy Lifestyle?
Published in Gia Merlo, Kathy Berra, Lifestyle Nursing, 2023
Judith Haber, Erin Hartnett, Jessamin Cipollina
During pregnancy, oral health can affect the health of pregnant persons and their unborn children, as many physiological changes occur in the body during pregnancy. The oral cavity is particularly susceptible to hormonal changes related to pregnancy that increase the likelihood of oral health problems. Periodontitis and gingivitis are especially common among pregnant persons. Gingivitis, the early stage of periodontitis, is when the gums become swollen and red. Periodontitis, the most serious form of periodontal disease, occurs when the gums pull away from the teeth and supporting gum tissues and bone are destroyed (Bobetsis et al., 2020; Corbella et al., 2016; “Periodontal disease fact sheet,” 2021). Although these conditions are common among adults in the US and are treatable, findings from several studies show that these oral health issues are associated with negative health outcomes for pregnant preeclampsia, and premature labor (Table 24.1).
Religious Aspects and Medicinal Uses of Salvadora persica (Miswak)
Published in Mehwish Iqbal, Complementary and Alternative Medicinal Approaches for Enhancing Immunity, 2023
Because of the fact that mechanical removal of damaged tissues and debris in the periodontal cavity and small areas does not perpetually kill all infectious agents, lingering infectious agents in the periodontal system frequently recolonise the areas of the periodontal cavity many weeks after treatment (Mombelli, 2018). Consequently, in addition to surgical and mechanical treatment, adjunctive usage of comprehensive chemotherapeutic antibacterial agents has been established to be more efficient in the extensive destruction of infection-causing bacteria (van der Weijden, 2019). In spite of the fact that systemic antibacterial treatment has numerous invigorating outcomes in periodontal management (Feres et al., 2015; Souto et al., 2018), it is generally reserved for cases with quickly developing or unmanageable periodontitis because of its major simultaneous drawbacks (Sahni et al., 2012).
Other Complications of Diabetes
Published in Jahangir Moini, Matthew Adams, Anthony LoGalbo, Complications of Diabetes Mellitus, 2022
Jahangir Moini, Matthew Adams, Anthony LoGalbo
With diabetes mellitus, reduced salivation is commonly seen, which may or may not include symptoms of a burning sensation inside the mouth or on the tongue. There may be enlargement of the parotid salivary glands. Gingivitis is signified by unhealthy or inflamed gums that may be red, swollen, and even bleed. Daily brushing and flossing, plus regular cleanings by a dentist, can prevent gingivitis. Periodontitis is gum disease that can change from mild to severe. The signs of gingivitis, by this time, have worsened, and the gums may pull away from the teeth. There is long-lasting infection between the teeth and gums, and chronic bad breath. Loosened teeth may move away from each other, and there are changes in the way the teeth fit together when biting. Periodontitis can be prevented via deep cleanings by a dentist and in severe cases gum surgery.
Microemulsion-thermosensitive gel composites as in situ-forming drug reservoir for periodontitis tissue repair through alveolar bone and collagen regeneration strategy
Published in Pharmaceutical Development and Technology, 2023
Yang Ding, Yuxiao Wang, Jiaxin Li, Maomao Tang, Hairong Chen, Guichun Wang, Jian Guo, Shuangying Gui
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by biofilms. It results in the destruction of periodontal tissues, the supporting structures of the teeth (such as the gingiva) and the underlying alveolar bone (Darveau 2010). According to epidemiologic data, periodontitis is a widespread non-communicable disease, potentially becoming severe and affecting 11.2% of the world population; it is the sixth most common disease in the world (Kassebaum et al. 2014). Severe periodontitis threatens human health and may increase the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, Alzheimer’s disease (Sadrameli et al. 2020), cardiovascular disease (Sanz et al. 2020), inflammatory bowel disease (Read et al. 2021), and rheumatoid arthritis (Schenkein et al. 2020). Periodontitis is treated by surgical therapy and non-surgical therapy. Local delivery of drugs (antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs) is the widely used non-surgical therapy to cure periodontal diseases. However, salivary flow decreases the adhesion of the drug, lowering its local concentration in the drug in the periodontal pocket. In addition, most patients may develop drug resistance after frequent dosing.
The role of oral microbiome in periodontitis under diabetes mellitus
Published in Journal of Oral Microbiology, 2022
Han Qin, Guangyue Li, Xiaohui Xu, Chuangwei Zhang, Wenjie Zhong, Shihan Xu, Yuanyuan Yin, Jinlin Song
Periodontal diseases comprise a wide range of inflammatory conditions of periodontal supporting tissues including gingiva, alveolar bone and periodontal ligament [1]. Gingivitis is the localized inflammation of the gingiva, while periodontitis is characterized by the loss of gingiva, alveolar bone and periodontal ligament. The deep periodontal ‘pocket’ is a hallmark of the disease and can eventually lead to tooth loss [2]. Periodontal diseases are currently considered to share a similar aetiopathogenesis, which is initiated and sustained by the oral microbial biofilm [2]. Other factors such as gene susceptibility and environmental conditions also influence the morbidity of the diseases [3]. Moreover, recent evidence has indicated that periodontitis is epidemiologically associated with several systemic disorders such as atherosclerosis, adverse pregnancy outcomes, rheumatoid arthritis, aspiration pneumonia, certain cancers and diabetes mellitus [4].
Evaluation of serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase enzyme levels in women patients with chronic periodontitis
Published in Health Care for Women International, 2022
Amir Reza Ahmadinia, Mina Pakkhesal, Mohammad Ali Vakili
Chronic periodontitis is an infection-driven inflammatory disease which may lead to formation of periodontal pockets and ultimately tooth loss by progressive destruction of dental supporting tissues. The main cause of periodontitis is microbial plaque, but environmental factors, social, economic conditions and genetic predisposition affect its development (Damgaard et al., 2015; Han et al., 2016; Nizam et al., 2014; Tamaki et al., 2011). Moreover, Periodontitis have an association with a variety of chronic diseases such as diabetes, respiratory diseases, cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis and conditions affecting general health. It has been stated that chronic periodontitis is effective in the progression of liver diseases, especially nonalcoholic fatty liver (Furuta et al., 2010; Han et al., 2016).