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Micronutrient Supplementation and Ergogenesis — Vitamins
Published in Luke Bucci, Nutrients as Ergogenic Aids for Sports and Exercise, 2020
Vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin) supplementation to boys or normal young men did not change half-mile run times,218 grip strength, heart rate recovery, maximal cycle ergometer times,219 VO2max, and other standard strength tests.220 Evidence for a subjective “tonic” effect on patients complaining of “tiredness” was found for hydroxocobalamin (B12) injections in a double-blind crossover study.221 Relation of these finding to athletes may explain the popularity of B12 injections and B12 supplements. Currently, the primary, coenzymatic form of B12, known as cobamamide, Dibencozide™ or 5,6-dimethyl-benzimidazolyl cobamide coenzyme222 has become a popular supplement among weightlifters.223,224 Promotional literature contains a favorable comparison of cobamamide with anabolic steroids as an anabolic agent. What is not generally explained is that the study referred to was performed with 35 young children with growth deficiencies, osteoporosis, or hypoproteinemia.225 Other supporting evidence of B12 as an “anabolic agent” is found in European pharmacopeias, but no studies on athletes are found.
Osteoporosis: treatment options
Published in Barry G. Wren, Progress in the Management of the Menopause, 2020
The resorption inhibitors increase bone density by 4–8% over 2–3 years. Formation-stimulating agents may restore a greater amount of bone lost. Agents such as fluoride, anabolic steroids, intermittent parathyroid hormone, growth and local factors such as insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), and prostaglandins are being studied, but there is no convincing evidence of a satisfactory anabolic agent that can be used in humans.
Current and emerging pharmacological agents in the treatment of osteoporosis
Published in Peter V. Giannoudis, Thomas A. Einhorn, Surgical and Medical Treatment of Osteoporosis, 2020
James X. Liu, Thomas A. Einhorn
Early studies have shown significant improvement in bone marrow density that is a result of the anabolic activity of abaloparatide. Furthermore, results seem to show superior efficacy of abaloparatide over teriparatide. This new anabolic option is promising, and numerous studies are currently being conducted to identify the exact indications and safety profile of this anabolic agent.
Medical treatment of osteoporosis
Published in Climacteric, 2022
After the publication of ESCEO and IOF guidelines in 2019, a practical update was published to indicate the best therapeutic approach according to the risk of fracture [58]. In all patients, it is recommended to optimize calcium and vitamin D status, as well as doing exercise according to the fracture risk. In addition, the prevention of falls is recommended in high-risk to very high-risk patients. With regard to medications, menopausal hormone therapy and SERMs may be considered in low-risk patients. By contrast, in high-risk patients, the use of oral bisphosphonates or other inhibitors of bone resorption should be considered. Finally, in very high-risk patients, the use of an anabolic agent followed by the use of an inhibitor of bone resorption should be considered. Moreover, local osteo-enhancement procedures should also be considered [58].
Abaloparatide: an anabolic treatment to reduce fracture risk in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis
Published in Current Medical Research and Opinion, 2020
Paul D. Miller, John P. Bilezikian, Lorraine A. Fitzpatrick, Bruce Mitlak, Eugene V. McCloskey, Felicia Cosman, Henry G. Bone
In addition, the efficacy of ABL compared with ALN has been indirectly examined in a post hoc analysis of ACTIVE and ACTIVExtend, in which the effectiveness of ABL treatment in ACTIVE was compared with ALN treatment in ACTIVExtend in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis61. Cross-group comparison of the incidence of new vertebral fractures between the ABL group during ACTIVE and the PBO/ALN group during ACTIVExtend showed a significant decrease with initial treatment with ABL versus initial treatment with ALN. These findings further support the use of the anabolic agent prior to the antiresorptive agent in sequential treatment. Both short-term and long-term results were better with treatment initiated with ABL and followed by ALN, than with primary ALN treatment.
Healing of erosions in rheumatoid arthritis remains elusive: results with 24 months of the anabolic agent teriparatide
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology, 2021
J Duryea, EM Gravallese, JR Wortman, C Xu, B Lu, J Kay, DH Solomon
Limiting assessment to the MCP and PIP joints should have reduced measurement error, since these joints have a consistent three-dimensional shape. As such, they offer anatomical regions that are far less complex than those of the intercarpal joints. In principle, unblinding readers to time-point order also should improve detection of erosion healing. Despite these modifications, we observed no reduction in erosion volume. In addition, our study was unable to detect any significant difference in the change (either increase or decrease) in erosion volume between a group of subjects treated with TPTD for the full 24 months and those who received this anabolic agent only during the last 12 months of the study.