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Personal and Situational Factors Affecting Psychological Response to Sport Injuries
Published in Adam Gledhill, Dale Forsdyke, The Psychology of Sports Injury, 2021
Injury onset and recovery status refer to the idea that athletes' perceptions and realities concerning their injury onset and recovery status affect psychological response to sport injuries across a sport injury lifespan (Wiese-Bjornstal et al., 2018). Russell and Wiese-Bjornstal (2015) found during the onset of microtrauma injury among novice marathon runners that the psychological narrative reflected two behavioural themes: self-diagnosis and self-treatment, and not taking time off. There appears to be an interval before athletes with microtrauma injuries recognize and acknowledge injury, occurring prior to them seeking treatment from sports medicine providers. Ruddock-Hudson et al. (2014) documented dynamic fluctuations in psychological response to injury in studies among male Australian Rules football players out of play from 9 weeks to 10 months. Their results showed that cognitive, affective and behavioural themes differed across three injury phases: reactions to injury, reactions to rehabilitation and reactions to return to play (Ruddock-Hudson et al., 2014).
Spinal Cord Disease
Published in Philip B. Gorelick, Fernando D. Testai, Graeme J. Hankey, Joanna M. Wardlaw, Hankey's Clinical Neurology, 2020
Causes include: Bulging or herniated disc (Figure 23.3).Hypertrophic ligamentum flavum.Congenital central spinal stenosis.A fixed subluxation due to disc degeneration.Microtrauma.
Retronychia
Published in Nilton Di Chiacchio, Antonella Tosti, Therapies for Nail Disorders, 2020
Thomas Knackstedt, Nathaniel J. Jellinek
Opportunities for prevention are limited, as retronychia is oftentimes caused by repeat microtrauma, which is not easily avoidable in the passionate runner, hiker, athlete, or in anyone otherwise with predisposing biomechanics and high-risk activities. The importance of appropriate footwear should be stressed to patients and with relevant education, patients may be able to identify retronychia recurrence at the earliest onset. See further Table 20.2.
Platelet rich plasma for hallux sesamoid injuries: a case series
Published in The Physician and Sportsmedicine, 2022
Hung M. Le, Andrea Stracciolini, Cynthia J. Stein, Bridget J. Quinn, Sarah S. Jackson
There are several limitations to this study. The study design lends itself to weaknesses such as the inability of generalizing our findings as our results are merely observations from a small cohort of patients. In addition, one of the challenges in analyzing research studies on PRP is the variability in preparation and collection of PRP. There are many different commercial PRP systems with each system leading to PRP with unique properties [15]. For example, there are specific commercial systems that can produce either leukocyte-rich v. leukocyte-poor PRP. Leukocyte-poor PRP is thought to exhibit more anti-inflammatory properties which have been demonstrated in-vitro; a mechanism proposed to explain greater efficacy of leukocyte-poor PRP in osteoarthritis. In this study, we used leukocyte-rich PRP as a pro-inflammatory environment is thought to promote bone healing [16]. Additional challenges in interpreting PRP literature is the heterogeneity in the procedure details such as the volume of PRP used, frequency of injections, and if applicable the number of needle fenestrations performed [15]. There remains debate on which factor, needle fenestrations or PRP, is the primary contributor to positive outcomes. The microtrauma induced by needle fenestration promotes a healing response similar to mechanical loading [17]. This concept and effectiveness of needle fenestration has been demonstrated in the treatment of refractory tendinopathy. For example, Martin et al. showed comparable effectiveness between lidocaine vs PRP tenotomy in treating patients with elbow tendinopathy [17].
Can clinical assessment differentiate partial thickness rotator cuff tears from full thickness rotator cuff tears? A secondary analysis
Published in Disability and Rehabilitation, 2020
Anne Edwards, Judy Chepeha, Allyson Jones, David M. Sheps, Lauren Beaupré
We found participants with partial thickness tears were more than twice as likely to recall a specific injury as those with full thickness tears. This is contrary to the results of Fukuda, who reported increasing incidence of trauma for patients with full thickness tears, but also noted that trauma led to different sub-types of partial tears [36]. Intratendinous tears were very frequently traumatic (92%), while bursal sided tears were very infrequently traumatic (8%) [36]. Uchiyama et al. also found a high incidence of trauma in participants with intratendinous partial tears [11]. Mechanism of injury may be difficult to compare across studies as “traumatic mechanism” could include both repetitive microtrauma or a single incident of trauma. It also relies on patient recall and their interpretation of the significance of an event involving the shoulder.
Lumbar intravertebral disc herniation secondary to idiopathic calcific discitis
Published in British Journal of Neurosurgery, 2019
Ahmed-Ramadan Sadek, Christopher Dare, Stephen McGillion, Ali Nader-Sepahi, Vasileios Skiadas
The paucity of literature attributing ICD as a cause of back pain in adults is possibly related to the relatively short-window during which patients experience symptoms. It is likely that ICD is a heavily under diagnosed cause of back-pain. Our case as well those previously described highlight that conservative symptomatic management with non-steroidal anti-inflammatories is the primary treatment. Surgery may play a role in those with neural compromise. Despite conclusive evidence to explain the aetiology of these lesions a combination of microtrauma, inflammation and micro-vascular compromise are likely to be contributive to lesion formation. Repeated axial cyclical loading involving an affected nucleos pulposus gives rise to intravertebral migration of the calcific nodule through endplate structural weaknesses.