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Diseases of Infancy and Childhood
Published in Ayşe Serap Karadağ, Lawrence Charles Parish, Jordan V. Wang, Roxburgh's Common Skin Diseases, 2022
ETN can usually be diagnosed by the clinical appearance alone. A Tzanck smear may reveal numerous eosinophils and occasional neutrophils. ETN may be differentiated from other neonatal pustular dermatoses, including miliaria, transient neonatal pustular melanosis, infantile acropustulosis, bacterial, Candida spp., or Malassezia furfur pustulosis, and neonatal Herpes simplex infection. Treatment is not required. Recovery generally takes place spontaneously.
Skin infections
Published in Rashmi Sarkar, Anupam Das, Sumit Sethi, Concise Dermatology, 2021
Shankila Mittal, Rashmi Sarkar
Diagnosis is primarily clinical and is confirmed by demonstrating the hyphae and spores of Malassezia furfur using 10% potassium hydroxide. Large, blunt hyphae and thick-walled, budding spores forming a ‘spaghetti and meatballs’ appearance can be observed under the low power lens of a microscope.
Ciclopirox
Published in M. Lindsay Grayson, Sara E. Cosgrove, Suzanne M. Crowe, M. Lindsay Grayson, William Hope, James S. McCarthy, John Mills, Johan W. Mouton, David L. Paterson, Kucers’ The Use of Antibiotics, 2017
Ciclopirox has demonstrated in vitro activity against Candida albicans and non-albicans Candida spp. with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) range of 0.001–0.25 μg/ml (Kokjohn et al., 2003). It has also been shown to be active against the yeast Malassezia furfur (Jue et al., 1985; Kokjohn et al., 2003).
308-nm excimer laser: a hopeful and optional therapy for pityriasis versicolor
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2021
Fathia M. Khattab, Farida H. Omran
The differences in the isolation rates in the various studies may be due to the differences in sampling techniques and the use of different media for culture like SDA with olive oil and modified Dixon’s medium. Malassezia furfur can generate an indole alkaloid pityriacitrin which can safeguard M from UV exposure (23). The predominant PV isolate was known as Malassezia globosa. In a later study, from 75% of patients, M. furfur was separated, followed by M. globosa (25%). In the present study, the most common species isolated was Malassezia furfur in 16 patients (61%), followed by M. globosa in 5 patients (19%), M. sympodialis in 4 patients (16%), and M. restricta in 1 (4%). Worldwide studies have reported M. globosa as the predominant isolate in pityriasis versicolor (24).
Curcumin and curcumin-loaded nanoparticles: antipathogenic and antiparasitic activities
Published in Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy, 2020
Mahendra Rai, Avinash P. Ingle, Raksha Pandit, Priti Paralikar, Netravati Anasane, Carolina Alves Dos Santos
Curcumin not only possesses antibacterial activity but also exhibits strong antifungal activity. For example, turmeric oil was effectively used in the management of dermatophytosis caused by Trichophyton rubrum in the guinea pig. The lesions were improved in 2–5 days and finally disappeared after 6–8 days. In another study, turmeric cream containing 6–10% of turmeric oil inhibited the growth of dermatophytic fungi such as Trichophyton mentagrophytes, T. rubrum, Epidermophyton floccosum and Microsporum gypseum [23]. Jayaprakasha et al. [24] also reported that turmeric oil exhibited strong in vitro antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus, A. parasiticus, Fusarium moniliforme, and Penicillium digitatum. Moreover, the oil was also found to be effective against yeasts like Malassezia furfur causing superficial skin infection [25]. In addition, turmeric oil showed antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, C. musae and Fusarium semitectum which are mainly involved in the spoilage of crops [26]. In some other studies also the ethanolic extract of turmeric was reported to have potential antifungal activity against 29 clinical isolates of dermatophytes [27,28]. The study demonstrated that hexane extract of curcumin showed promising antifungal activity against Rhizoctonia solani, Phytophthora infestans, and Erysiphe graminis.
Nanotechnological interventions in dermatophytosis: from oral to topical, a fresh perspective
Published in Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery, 2019
Riya Bangia, Gajanand Sharma, Sunil Dogra, Om Prakash Katare
All imidazoles, including clotrimazole, miconazole, and econazole, act by similar mechanism of action, inhibition of an essential enzyme in ergosterol synthesis, the cytochrome P450 14-alpha-demethylase (Figure 1). All are effective in concentrations of 1% or 2% in a number of formulations. These show fungicidal activity against many fungal skin pathogens including dermatophytes and Malassezia furfur [16].