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Non-erythematous lesions
Published in Richard Ashton, Barbara Leppard, Differential Diagnosis in Dermatology, 2021
Richard Ashton, Barbara Leppard
This is a pox virus infection of the skin usually affecting children. Small 1–5 mm white or pink umbilicated papules are found anywhere on the skin and there may be few or many. They can become inflamed and red in colour. They last 6–24 months and then disappear spontaneously. In children with atopic eczema, they may be extensive particularly at the sites of the eczema. Isolated lesions in adults can be confused with a basal cell carcinoma.
Malignant diseases of the skin
Published in Rashmi Sarkar, Anupam Das, Sumit Sethi, Concise Dermatology, 2021
Anupam Das, Yasmeen Jabeen Bhat
Pathogenesis: Most lesions of basal cell carcinoma are due to chronic solar exposure and UVR damage, as they occur on light-exposed sites in photodamaged subjects. However, a larger proportion occurs in younger, non-light-exposed, non-photodamaged subjects than solar keratoses or other forms of NMSC. The explanation for this is uncertain.
Malignant disease of the skin
Published in Ronald Marks, Richard Motley, Common Skin Diseases, 2019
Most lesions of basal cell carcinoma are due to chronic solar exposure and UVR damage, as they occur on light-exposed sites in photodamaged subjects. However, a larger proportion occurs in younger, non-light-exposed, non-photodamaged subjects than solar keratoses or other forms of NMSC. The explanation for this is uncertain.
Accidental discovery of metastasized basal cell carcinoma
Published in Acta Chirurgica Belgica, 2022
Hanne Verberght, Thomas Schok, Siebe Wouda, Frits Aarts
The patient was admitted to the internal medicine department and had a consultation with general surgery. A normocytic anemia caused by chronic illness and type 2 diabetes was newly discovered upon admission. Histopathological investigation of the biopsy specimens from the lesion confirmed the diagnosis of solid growing basal cell carcinoma. An additional CT scan (thorax/abdomen/pelvis) showed a pathological fracture of the sacrum, a lung lesion in the right lower lobe (20 mm), and two liver lesions (8 and 21 mm). Bone biopsies confirmed the suspicion of metastatic basal cell carcinoma (Figure 2). Solid growing BCC with liver, lung, and bone metastases was diagnosed. The histology images confirmed the diagnosis of BCC as BerEp4 and cytokeratin 7 immunohistology were positive. In this case, p40 was also positive, which may indicate the development of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). However, in SCC, BerEp4 and cytokeratin 7 immunohistology are negative.
A retrospective study comparing different injection approaches of 5-aminolevulinic acid in patients with non-melanoma skin cancer
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2022
Weihong Zhao, Jun Wang, Ying Zhang, Baoyong Zheng
Nowadays incidences of skin cancer are increased in the world because of ultraviolet radiation, ozone depletion, and the other several factors (1). Consumption of caffeinated drinks reduces non-melanoma skin cancer in the Chinese population but the rate of non-melanoma skin cancer is highest in the Chinese population among the Asia-pacific because of Fitzpatrick skin types III (darker white skin) and IV (light brown skin) of the Chinese population (2). Most of the skin cancer is developed from the epidermis. From the basal cells and near the epidermis-dermis junction, the basal cell carcinoma (the non-melanoma skin cancer) is developed. It is the most common type of skin cancer. Also, from keratinocytes, the squamous cell carcinoma (the non-melanoma skin cancer) is developed which is the second most common skin cancer, and from the basal intercellular melanocytes, the melanoma skin cancer is developed and is the third most common skin cancer (3). The majority of the non-melanoma skin cancer are basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas in a ratio of approximately 4:1. Besides that, a wide variety of additional nonmelanoma skin tumors occurred from the other cells present in skin, for example, lymphocytes, Merkel cells, vascular endothelial cells, mesenchymal stromal cells, and cells forming the adnexal structures. These cancers are quite rare compared to basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas (4).
Diagnosis and treatment of low-risk superficial basal cell carcinoma in a single visit
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2022
Georgette A. Hattier, Robert F. Duffy, Mitchell J. Finkelstein, Sarah M. Beggs, Jason B. Lee
Treatment options for basal cell carcinoma (BCC) vary between surgical and non-surgical interventions, dependent on anatomical location and histological subtype. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network®, Clinical Practice Guideline recommends 4-mm excision margins for low-risk BCCs, which includes superficial and nodular primary BCCs less than 2 centimeters (cm) on the trunk and extremities, less than 1 cm on the face, and less than 0.6 cm on the H area of the face with well-defined borders in patients without a history of immunosuppression or prior treatment (1). Surgical excision or Mohs microscopic surgery (MMS) of all low-risk BCCs would pose a significant workload for dermatologists and financial burden on healthcare. The current cost to treat non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) in the United States is already over $4.8 billion annually, with the incidence of NMSC increasing by ∼2% each year (2–5). As BCCs comprise 80% of NMSCs, their treatment accounts for the majority of the total cost, a higher cost than that of melanoma, the deadliest form of skin cancer (3).