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Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
Published in Charles Theisler, Adjuvant Medical Care, 2023
In one study, taking proanthocyanidin-A for 12 weeks reduced bacterial adhesion, bacterial MRHA negativity, urine pH reduction, and prevented recurrent-UTI (dysuria, bacteriuria, and pyuria).6 The Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists of Canada recommends cranberry products to prevent recurrent UTIs, but not for active UTIs.
Plant-Based Secondary Metabolites for Health Benefits
Published in Hafiz Ansar Rasul Suleria, Megh R. Goyal, Masood Sadiq Butt, Phytochemicals from Medicinal Plants, 2019
Monika Sharma, Jyotsana Dwivedi, Bhanu Kumar, Bramhanand Singh, A. K. S. Rawat
Amongst secondary metabolites, flavonoids are categorized on the basis of the flavan nucleus and C6-C8-C6 carbon skeleton. The major categories of flavonoids depending on the molecular structures are: flavones, flavonols, flavanones, anthocyanidin, catechin, isoflavone, and chalcones.2 Proanthocyanidins are oligomers of flavonoids. They show potential antioxidant effects due to the presence of phenol. These are pigment containing groups present widely in plant families.26,43
Cranberry Proanthocyanidins (PACs) in Bacterial Anti-Adhesion
Published in Dilip Ghosh, Pulok K. Mukherjee, Natural Medicines, 2019
Thomas Brendler, Gunter Haesaerts
This assessment has recently been confirmed by the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use of the European Medicines Agency (2016) regarding the mode of action of proanthocyanidins. Based on available data, the committee members opine that metabolites of PACs and other cranberry constituents exhibit pharmacological activity and rule out a purely mechanical mode of action, thus terminating (not challenging) challenging the marketing of cranberry products as medical devices in Europe. Consequently, the European Commission issued a decision that ‘the group of products whose principal intended action, depending on proanthocyanidins (PAC) present in cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon), is to prevent or treat cystitis’, does not fall within the definition of medical devices (European Commission 2017).
Assessment of the phenolic content, mutagenicity and genotoxicity of ethanolic extracts of stem bark and leaves from Strychnos pseudoquina A. St.-hil
Published in Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 2020
Douglas Costa Gontijo, Líria Granato Nunes, Letícia Monteiro Farias, Maria Gorette Resende Duarte, André Furtado Carvalho, Luciano Gomes Fietto, João Paulo Viana Leite
SSP presented higher antioxidant potential (IC50 89.09 ± 1.3 µg/mL) than LSP (IC50 128.04 ± 2.4 µg/mL) in the DPPH• test. In fact, the beneficial effects of proanthocyanidins (significantly higher in SSP) to human health have been mainly attributed to their high free-radical scavenging and to their consequent antioxidant activity (Diouf et al.2009). Moreover, the gastrointestinal tract is particularly exposed to oxidative stress due to Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and to Reactive Nitrogen Species (RNS) that result from human diets and from the activation of intestinal inflammatory cells (Bhattacharyya et al.2014). Thus, the higher antioxidant potential observed in SSP also corroborates the use of S. pseudoquina stem barks as functional beverage to treat gastric issues.
Grape seed extract-soluplus dispersion and its antioxidant activity
Published in Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 2020
R. Rajakumari, Tatiana Volova, Oluwatobi Samuel Oluwafemi, S. Rajesh Kumar, Sabu Thomas, Nandakumar Kalarikkal
Currently, the use of natural therapeutics based on nanotechnology in healthcare is greatly utilized in areas such as drug delivery, imaging, rapid diagnosis, tissue regeneration and development of new therapeutics [4–7]. The preparation of the green synthesis of nanodispersion is growing into a key approach in nanotechnology. Proanthocyanidins (PCs) are a class of polyphenols and chemically, they are oligomeric flavonoids found in a variety of plants. It is an important constituent found in varying concentrations in GSE and the antioxidant activity of PCs are higher than the widely used antioxidant molecules such as ascorbic, trolox and rutin. This is because of the position of the hydroxyl groups in the PCs [8,9]. The flavonoids are quickly hydrolyzed in the intestine by bacteria to generate aglycones which are then metabolized into phenylacetic, phenylpropionic, and phenylvaleric form of PCs. They are retained in the large intestine after an oral intake and are found not to be stable which is probably due to damage of the C-ring of proanthocyanidins [10,11].
Cross-linked nanoparticles of silk fibroin with proanthocyanidins as a promising vehicle of indocyanine green for photo-thermal therapy of glioma
Published in Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, 2019
De-Li ZhuGe, Li-Fen Wang, Rui Chen, Xin-Ze Li, Zhi-Wei Huang, Qing Yao, Bin Chen, Ying-Zheng Zhao, He-Lin Xu, Jian-Dong Yuan
In this study, proanthocyanidins (PC) was used as a natural crosslinking agent to improve the stability of ICG-SFNPs in physiologic medium. The physiochemical properties of ICG-SFNPs including size, zeta potential and morphology were first investigated and compared after crosslinking of PC. More importantly, the size stability and photo-stability of ICG-CSFNPs were carefully evaluated in physiologic solution. Thereafter, both the cellular uptake of ICG-CSFNPs and photothermal effect was further investigated on C6 glioma cells in vitro. Subsequently, the pharmacokinetic of ICG-CSFNPs in healthy rats was evaluated in comparison with that of ICG-SFNPs. Finally, the distribution of ICG-CSFNPs was detected in glioma-bearing mice by IVIS fluorescence imaging and the photo-thermal effect of ICG-CSFNPs was also confirmed.