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Mitigation of Obesity: A Phytotherapeutic Approach
Published in Amit Baran Sharangi, K. V. Peter, Medicinal Plants, 2023
A.B. Sharangi, Suddhasuchi Das
The dried leaves of black tea (Camellia sinensis) contain polyphenols such as theaflavins and the red-brown thearubigins that are oxidation products of flavan-3-ols during fermentation. These are quite dissimilar from those found in green tea, theanine, catechins, and caffeine (Scharbert, 2005). A Keemun black tea extract via oral administration was successfully found to reduce food intake, body weight and plasma triglyceride levels in diet-induced obese rats (Du et al., 2005). Fatty acid synthase inhibited through the black tea extract. This effect was mostly reduced with boiling water (Plantenga et al., 2006). In addition to the leaf of C. sinensis having an anti-obesity effect, the fruit peel is also is recognized as an agricultural waste (Chaudhary et al., 2014). The chemical compounds with the acknowledged anti-obesity potential are principally catechin type polyphenols.
Role of Plant-Based Bioflavonoids in Combating Tuberculosis
Published in Megh R. Goyal, Durgesh Nandini Chauhan, Assessment of Medicinal Plants for Human Health, 2020
Alka Pawar, Yatendra Kumar Satija
Catechin is a natural phenol and antioxidant, which belongs to flavonols class. It is a plant secondary metabolite that is derived from leaves of green tea (Camellia sinensis). There are mainly four types of catechins, such as epicatechin, epicatechin-3-gallate, epigallocatechin, and epigallocatechin-3-gallate. It positively affects several organ systems in our body. It exhibits numerous health benefits, such as anticarcinogenic, antidiabetic, anti-obesity, anti-artherogenic, hepatoprotection, neuroprotection, cardiovascular protection, and so forth. Catechins have direct antibacterial influence against broad spectrum of bacteria (e.g., E. coli, Salmonella spp., S. aureus, Enterococcus spp.). It is proved to hinder the bacterial binding to oral surfaces.58
Coffee as a Functional Beverage
Published in Robert E.C. Wildman, Richard S. Bruno, Handbook of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, 2019
Victoria Burgess, Lem Taylor, Jose Antonio
More recent research on the effects of caffeine continues to support its role in increasing energy expenditure. As mentioned earlier, caffeine is now being combined with a variety of products to promote a thermogenic effect. One example in the literature used the combination of capsaicin, catechins, caffeine, tyrosine, and calcium. This study reported an increase in energy expenditure of 2% over a 7-d period when these products were ingested as bioactive food products.18 Another recent study that looked at caffeine alone found an increase in energy expenditure of 13%, with the doubling of lipid turnover. These researchers concluded that the effects of caffeine alter energy expenditure and are mediated via the sympathetic nervous system. Furthermore, they explain the lipid mobilization action of caffeine in two ways: increased mobilization alone is insufficient to drive oxidation, or large increments in lipid turnover can result in an increase in lipid oxidation.13 This lipid turnover rate, however, largely depends on the individual's body composition profile. The leaner individual has a higher oxidation after coffee consumption than one who is overweight.15 In recent years, it has become quite common and popular to consume green tea for weight loss and energy expenditure due to its two main components in the ingredients, caffeine and catechin.
Catechin Metabolites along with Curcumin Inhibit Proliferation and Induce Apoptosis in Cervical Cancer Cells by Regulating VEGF Expression In-Vitro
Published in Nutrition and Cancer, 2022
Elnaz Khojaste, Changiz Ahmadizadeh
Catechin is a plant-derived phenolic secondary metabolite that has been derived from catechu (the tannic juice or boiled extract of Mimosa catechu). Catechins are found in green tea more than black tea. Polyphenolic catechins are the most common antioxidants that play an important role in preventing diseases such as cancers by preventing the formation of radicals which in turn leads to free radical-induced tissue damage (6). As discovered, EGCG, EGC, and ECG are the most important metabolites of catechins, which are produced by metabolisms exerted on green tea in the gut by intestinal microbiota (7). The bioavailability of catechins in humans is less than 4%, so intact tea catechins are not absorbed by the body. Besides, these substances are metabolized by the intestinal microbiota after reaching the large intestine. Therefore, the intestinal microbiota plays a vital role in the production of catechin metabolites and increasing their bioavailability. Many barriers can interrupt the production, absorption, and bioavailability of catechin metabolites, most of which are chemical degradation, liver metabolism, intestinal microbiota composition, and membrane permeability (8). It was determined in a study that fecal-derived catechin metabolites that are produced by intestinal microbiota, have been involved in regulating cancer pathogenesis (9, 10).
Non-ionic surfactant vesicles as a carrier system for dermal delivery of (+)-Catechin and their antioxidant effects
Published in Journal of Drug Targeting, 2021
Danhui Li, Nataly Martini, Mengyang Liu, James R. Falconer, Michelle Locke, Zimei Wu, Jingyuan Wen
Catechin is a group of polyphenolic compounds that possess a variety of pharmacological effects. These compounds are reported to have strong antioxidant activities through multiple actions including scavenging ROS or relative precursors and binding metal ions with the result of inhibiting ROS generation and formation [48]. Moreover, they induce antioxidant enzymes and provide greater cytoprotection preventing antioxidant enzymatic degradation [49]. As a result, an increase in SOD and GSH-px activity was observed in skin Fbs treated with C after UV irradiation compared with the UV-treated cells. Also, the drug-treated group showed lower content of MDA in comparison to the UV group. When the drug was in a niosome carrier, it exhibited even stronger antioxidant ability. This enhancement could be explained as follows: the drug may suffer from auto-oxidation under cell culture conditions but when inside a vesicle, the drug is partly protected from degradation [47]. In addition, the drug-loaded niosomes provided a sustained release which may maintain the therapeutic drug amount resulting in improved performance. Furthermore, the carrier may affect the internalisation of the drug by the cells [50,51].
Development of catechin–phospholipid complex to enhance the bioavailability and modulatory potential against cadmium-induced oxidative stress in rats liver
Published in Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry, 2020
Khaled Athmouni, Khaoula Mkadmini Hammi, Abdelfattah El Feki, Habib Ayadi
Flavonoids are secondary metabolites consisting of a broad class of phenolic components with low molecular weight (Castellano et al.2013). The immediate family members of flavonoids include flavones, isoflavonoids and flavonoids which are inter-convertible with the isomeric chalcones. In addition, flavonoids exhibit strong antioxidant activities through scavenging oxygen free radicals, promote anti-oxidase or inhibit oxidative enzymes (Raffa et al.2017). Recently it was been shown that the flavonoids possess anti-lipoperoxidant, anti-tumoural, anti-allergic anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial activities (Vankudri et al.2017). The beneficial potentials derived from phenolic compounds have been attributed to their antioxidant capacity (Boukhris et al.2017). Catechin (CT) is one of the significant pigments of the flavonoid subclass present in different plant foods. Increasing interest in CT from plant species has been focused recently on their biological capacities (Grzesik et al.2018). It has been shown that CT isolated from natural compounds had excellent hepatoprotective potential (Liu et al.2015). Accordingly, CT has been demonstrated to possess potent hepatoprotective effect against various chemicals induced damage (Liu et al.2015).