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Field Trials of Food Fortification with Iron: The Experience in Chile
Published in Bo Lönnerdal, Iron Metabolism in Infants, 2020
Tomás Walter, Manuel Olivares, Eva Hertrampf
Cookies were fortified with 4, 6, or 8% BHC. The basic ingredients were wheat flour, liquid sugar, and hydrogenated lard. Monocalcium phosphate, sodium bicarbonate, and vanilla extract were used as additives. In addition, to avoid rancidity, an equal mixture of antioxidants, butylhydroxyanisol and butylhydroxytoluene were used. Cookies used in the school breakfast/lunch program contained the same ingredients as the fortified cookies with the exception of the BHC. The cookies were manufactured in a local factory in accordance with standard practice, consisting of: (1) dry-mixing of flour, BHC, additives, and antioxidants; (2) addition of hydrogenated lard and liquid sugar and kneading the mixture to a homogenous consistency; and (3) molding in an automatic machine and baking in a continuous horizontal electric oven for 10 min at 270°C.
Injectable Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Repair and Augmentation
Published in Naznin Sultana, Sanchita Bandyopadhyay-Ghosh, Chin Fhong Soon, Tissue Engineering Strategies for Organ Regeneration, 2020
Subrata Bandhu Ghosh, Kapender Phogat, Sanchita Bandyopadhyay-Ghosh
Several injectable composite pastes have been reported. Examples of these materials include bioactive composites of β-tricalcium phosphate, hydroxyapatite, calcium phosphates and bioglass etc. Cement pastes, for example calcium phosphate based cements have popularly been used as injectable scaffolds (Jeong et al. 2016). In case of a composite cement, the dry powder (for example, combination of monocalcium phosphate, tricalcium phosphate, and calcium carbonate) and a polymeric solution are mixed to form a paste (Jeong et al. 2016). The paste is malleable and injectable for a certain short period. The setting time can be adjusted by use of modifier. These cements usually harden without generating significant heat. Additionally, they can develop compressive strength, followed by slow remodeling in vivo. An ideal cement should be resorbed gradually with time and get replaced by host bone (Olson et al. 2007, Polo-Corrales et al. 2014).
The content of ten elements in pig feed and manure and its relationship with element concentration in earthworms on swine farms
Published in Toxin Reviews, 2023
Branislava M. Mitrović, Srđan Stefanović, Dragan Šefer, Dragoljub Jovanović, Jelena Ajtić
In total, 40 samples were analyzed: 4 samples of monocalcium phosphate (MCP), 4 samples of vitamin-mineral premix (VMP), 6 samples of corn, 4 samples of wheat, 3 samples of barley, 3 samples of soybean meal, 6 samples of complete feed mixtures for fattening pigs, 6 samples of pig manure, and 4 samples of earthworms. Only the samples available at the time of collection were taken. Monocalcium phosphate, as a finished product, or raw materials for its production, are not available in Serbia, and the samples investigated in our study originated from the regional and global market suppliers. Monocalcium phosphate was not used at Farms I and II in 2015. At the sampling time on Farms III and IV, no VMP samples were available, because all the VMP had already been used for production of complete feed mixtures.