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The Follow-Up Metabolic Medicine Hospital Consultation
Published in Michael M. Rothkopf, Jennifer C. Johnson, Optimizing Metabolic Status for the Hospitalized Patient, 2023
Michael M. Rothkopf, Jennifer C. Johnson
There are several metabolically active forms of folate. Blood levels of folate can be measured in serum and whole blood. A urinary measurement is also available. Any of these are adequate measures were determining folate deficiency.
Macular Degeneration/ Age Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)
Published in Charles Theisler, Adjuvant Medical Care, 2023
Pyridoxine deficiency has been identified in two observational studies in AMD populations. Folate deficiency has been identified in one of the studies. The B vitamins, in general, are important for nerve conduction, and the methylators (B4, B6, and B12) reduce homocysteine levels. Christen et al. reported a reduction in AMD development in 5,205 women observed for 7.3 years who were given daily supplementation consisting of 2,500 mcg B9 (folate), 500 mg B6 (pyridoxine), and 1,000 mcg B12 (cyanocobalamin).10
Nutritional Diseases
Published in Ayşe Serap Karadağ, Lawrence Charles Parish, Jordan V. Wang, Roxburgh's Common Skin Diseases, 2022
Chelsea Kesty, Madeline Hooper, Erin McClure, Emily Chea, Cynthia Bartus
Clinical presentation: Worsening signs of anemia, including pallor and fatigue, combined with glossitis or angular cheilitis suggest folate deficiency. Other common cutaneous signs include hyperpigmentation of the hands, nails, face, palmar creases, and intertriginous sites, as well as hair depigmentation (cannities). Fetal spina bifida and anencephaly noted on ultrasound are indicative of maternal folate deficiency.
The association between serum folate and ultrasound - defined hepatic steatosis
Published in Annals of Medicine, 2023
Xingxing Chen, Jiajia Lu, Qi Xu, Bin Chen, Lijun Shen
Approaches that restrict cholesterol transport to the liver could theoretically be utilized to prevent or reverse steatosis. Even when body weight is not restored to normal, weight loss, whether accomplished by a self-imposed low-calorie diet or bariatric surgery, cures NAFLD and enhances hepatic insulin sensitivity. Contrarily, weight reduction is challenging to achieve and even more challenging to keep off; just 20% of obese persons are able to do so [6]. As a result, pharmaceutical approaches are being aggressively pursued to reverse hepatic steatosis. Folate is a water-soluble B vitamin that is required for one-carbon transfer reactions such as nucleic acid production, methylation events, and sulfur-amino-acid metabolism. Because the liver is a key storage and processing organ for folate [7], it is critical for maintaining folate homeostasis throughout the body [8]. Folate deficiency is a frequent nutrient shortage that affects persons who have liver illness. The effect of serum folic acid in hepatic steatosis, on the other hand, is unknown. The goal of this study was to use controlled transient elastography to look into the link between serum folate and hepatic steatosis utilizing a sizable, nationally typical population from the 2017–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).
Effect of capsaicin on breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/Abcg2) and pharmacokinetics of probe substrates in rats
Published in Xenobiotica, 2022
Fen Chen, Liu Wang, Xuejia Zhai, Nanxi Wang, Yanjie Qin, Chaoran Zhu, Sanlan Wu, Yongning Lu
Sulfasalazine is indicated for patients with rheumatoid arthritis who have not responded adequately with salicylates or other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (Choi and Fenando 2021). The toxicity of sulphapyridine, a metabolite of sulfasalazine, which is responsible for its side effects in nearly 30% of patients, and the sulfasalazine-induced inhibition of the reduced folate carrier at clinically relevant plasma concentrations (Jelicic et al. 2021). This inhibition leads to a folate deficiency in patients, which increases the chances of developing colorectal cancer and megaloblastic anaemia, as well as defects in newborns (Jelicic et al. 2021). To reduce the side effects, we should focus on the change of plasma concentration of sulfasalazine when it is used. Considering the frequent consumption of CAP and its current therapeutic application, it is necessary to study the effect of CAP on sulfasalazine.
Association between Dietary Intake of Folate and the Risks of Multiple Cancers in Chinese Population: A Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies
Published in Nutrition and Cancer, 2021
Yulin Chen, Jian Zhan, Ying Wang, Shiyu Chen
Results of the dose-response analysis indicated at the dietary folate intake of 250 μg/day, risk of cancer events is minimal, which partly differs from the Recommended Nutrient Intake (RNI) of folate in China (400 μg/day for adults) (60). We considered two reasons may explain the result above. First, it is estimated that dietary folate intake in Chinese population is generally low and quite a little people suffer the folate deficiency, especially in northern regions and rural areas (61). Second, the role of folate in diseases prevention is multi-aspect and more dose of folate intake or additional supplement of folic acid has been associated with an protective effect of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, cancer and cognitive dysfunction, as well as of the prevention neural tube defects. US Preventive Services Task Force recommended an additional 400–800μg/day supplement of folic acid for women who are planning or capable of pregnancy (62). Ma et al indicated in their study that supplement with 400 μg/day of folic acid signifcantly improved subjects' cognitive performance and reduced systemic inflammation (63). Whereas present study focuses only on the effect on cancers, thus the optimal dose we worked out may differ from the RNI which comprehensively considers all the factors.