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Restless Legs
Published in Charles Theisler, Adjuvant Medical Care, 2023
Folic acid can be a significant benefit.6,7 One physician identified 45 individuals from five families in whom folic-acid therapy relieved restless legs. The amount of folic acid needed to prevent their symptoms from recurring was 5-30 mg/day.6 Most other patients respond to 5-10 mg/day.8
Nutritional and Dietary Supplementation during Pregnancy
Published in “Bert” Bertis Britt Little, Drugs and Pregnancy, 2022
Folic acid, a water-soluble vitamin B complex, is an essential nutrient. It is a coenzyme, and has been shown to be extremely important in normal embryonic development, the neural tube complex in particular. Pregnancy elevates the RDA for folic acid. And on “March 5, 1996, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) required that manufacturers fortify enriched cereal-grain products with 140 µg of folic acid per 100 g of cereal-grain product by January 1, 1998” (Grosse et al., 2005). Subsequent analysis has shown a reduction in neural tube defects (NTDs) on a national scale of 20–30 percent, and a resulting associated monetary saving of $312–425 million annually ($426–$581 million in 2021 dollars). Direct cost avoidance was $88–145 million per year ($120–$198 million in 2021 dollars) for an annual investment of $23 million ($32 million in 2021 dollars). The return on investment (ROI) in dollars for the associated economic impact and direct cost avoidance had ROIs minimally 13.6 and 3.8, respectively.
Optimal Nutrition for Women
Published in Michelle Tollefson, Nancy Eriksen, Neha Pathak, Improving Women's Health Across the Lifespan, 2021
Kayli Anderson, Kaitlyn Pauly, Debra Shapiro, Vera Dubovoy
Folate is very important for the health of the developing embryo. It is recommended that women take 400 μg of folic acid pre-pregnancy, 600 μg during pregnancy, and 500 μg while breastfeeding.146 It is recommended that all women who are planning to become pregnant take a daily supplement of 400–800 μg of folic acid beginning at least one month before conception and continuing through the first 2–3 months of pregnancy.146 There has even been an increase in birth defects seen specifically due to low-carbohydrate diets and resulting low-folate intake in pregnant women.147
Folic Acid Inhibited Vasculogenic Mimicry in Esophageal Cancer Cell Line Eca-109, the One Target Was EphA2
Published in Nutrition and Cancer, 2022
YuLing Xu, LingMeng Fu, Da Pan, Jie Wei, Hui Xia, ShaoKang Wang, GuiJu Sun
Folic acid, a water-soluble B vitamin, is abundant in green leafy vegetables and animal livers (7). It is an essential nutrient and plays an important role in the metabolism of the body (8). In recent years, some epidemiological studies investigated the association between the risk of esophageal cancer and intake of folic acid, that folic acid is one of the factors inhibiting the tumorigenesis of esophageal cancer (9). The mechanism may interfere with DNA replication, DNA repair, or the regulation of gene expression, each of which can lead to carcinogenesis (10). Guariento’s study showed that the tumor-suppressing activity of folic acid was associated with inhibition of angiogenesis at early stages of rat liver carcinogenesis (11). Additionally, folic acid and its derivatives were used as adjuvant drugs in clinical treatment of gastrointestinal malignancies (12–14). In view of this, the purpose of the this study was to explore the effect of folic acid on vasculogenic mimicry in esophageal cancer and its underlying molecular mechanism.
Folate Intake and Risk of Urothelial Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Epidemiological Studies
Published in Nutrition and Cancer, 2022
Yi Gu*, Jie Zeng*, Yixin Zou, Chang Liu, Hongjuan Fu, Hui Chang
Folic acid is essential, water-soluble micronutrients found naturally in green leafy vegetables, legumes, and organ meats like liver. Some B-vitamins, including folate (vitamin B9), riboflavin (vitamin B2), vitamin B6 and B12, are purported to influence carcinogenesis and development through their role in regulating one-carbon metabolism (19, 20). One-carbon metabolism comprises a complex network of biochemical pathways involving interactions between homocysteine, methionine, and B vitamins. Folate and betaine donate methyl groups to homocysteine to produce methionine, which is involved in DNA and RNA methylation, influencing gene stability and expression. Dysregulation of one-carbon metabolism and DNA methylation may promote carcinogenesis and progression (21, 22). The diet is a major source for key substrates and co-factors involved in one-carbon metabolism. Moreover, these vitamins are water-soluble and excreted via the urinary tract. Some of them, including folate and vitamin B2, may modify arsenic metabolism (23, 24). Therefore, it is important to determine the associations of one-carbon metabolism-related vitamins with UC risk.
Usefulness of daily folic acid supplementation during methotrexate treatment of Japanese patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Published in Modern Rheumatology, 2021
Keiichi Sasaki, Toshikazu Tsuji, Yasutaka Kimoto, Yuki Yanagihara, Ken Masuguchi, Ayako Chikamori, Hiroyuki Watanabe, Tesshin Murakami, Daisuke Oryoji, Masafumi Hashimoto, Takahiko Horiuchi, Nobuaki Egashira
In this study, we observed no significant changes in WBC or PLT counts after switching to daily regimen. However, since we observed only a limited number of cases, we could not sufficiently analyze hematological toxicity associated with MTX. In cases of severe hematological toxicity, folinic acid rather than folic acid is recommended [18]. Since this study did not include cases with serious hematological toxicity, it was suggested there were no significant improvements in WBC or PLT counts. On the other hand, hematological toxicity caused by MTX is considered to be dose-dependent [18]. The biological half-life of MTX is approximately 4.5 h in the case of a single oral 7.5 mg dose, with levels similar between the blood and synovial fluid of RA patients [21]. Bressolle et al. [22] reported that 5 mg/day of folic acid decreased plasma MTX concentration levels and the area under the blood concentration-time curve (AUC) of MTX by 20% in comparison with that of MTX alone. The dose of daily folic acid supplementation in our study (1.25 mg/day) is one-quarter of that in their report (5 mg/day). Thus, we suggest that the folic acid in our study can avoid an excessive decrease in plasma MTX concentration and AUC when comparing with that in their report. Furthermore, 1.25 mg daily folic acid supplementation (daily regimen) might be a sufficient dose to avoid an excessive increase in plasma concentration and AUC of MTX in comparison with 5 mg weekly folic acid supplementation (weekly regimen).