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Alzheimer's Disease (AD)
Published in Charles Theisler, Adjuvant Medical Care, 2023
B Vitamins: B vitamins lower homocysteine, which directly leads to a decrease in gray matter atrophy, thereby slowing cognitive decline. In a study in the International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, researchers established that vitamin B supplementation, in particular vitamins B6, B9, and B12, significantly improved cognition and memory function of older adults with mild cognitive impairment.8 Taking vitamins B6 (20 mg), B12 (500 mcg), and folic acid (800 mcg) in medicinal quantities reduced the overall shrinkage of a person’s brain by 30% over the course of the two-year study.9,10
Depression, Anxiety, Stress, and Spirituality in Cardiovascular Disease
Published in Stephen T. Sinatra, Mark C. Houston, Nutritional and Integrative Strategies in Cardiovascular Medicine, 2022
Erminia Guarneri, Shyamia Stone
Several B-vitamin deficiencies have been correlated with depression, including thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, biotin, pantothenic acid, B6, folic acid, and B12.70 A well-rounded, high-quality B-complex vitamin may serve to assist in mitigating these deficiencies. However, several of these have been studied for their effects at higher therapeutic doses.
Micronutrients
Published in Chuong Pham-Huy, Bruno Pham Huy, Food and Lifestyle in Health and Disease, 2022
Chuong Pham-Huy, Bruno Pham Huy
Daily recommendations (RDA) for dietary vitamin B1 are: 1.2 mg/day for men, 1.1 mg/day for women, 0.9 mg/day for children from 9 to 13 years, and 0.5–0.6 mg/day for children from 1 to 8 years (3, 33). Although vitamin B1 is generally safe and nontoxic, self-supplementation of thiamine for the treatment of beriberi or other diseases due to vitamin B1 deficiency is to be avoided because of the potential for side effects and interactions with other medicines (33). Supplementation should only be taken under the supervision of a healthcare professional. Very high doses of vitamin B1 may cause stomach upset. Taking any one of the B vitamins for a long period of time can result in an imbalance of other important B vitamins. For this reason, taking a B-complex vitamin, which includes all the vitamins of group B, is better than taking any vitamin B alone. Eating natural foods rich in thiamine is the best choice to treat and prevent beriberi and other diseases due to vitamin B1 deficiency. Avoid white rice without bran and replace it by brown or normal rice. Vitamin B1 are notably found in whole grains, wheat germs, bran, brown rice, blackstrap molasses, lean pork and other meats, poultry, eggs, fish, liver, potatoes, beans, peas, nuts, and yeast (3, 9, 33–35). Dairy products, fruits, and vegetables contain smaller amounts of vitamin B1. Prolonged cooking of food can cause loss of vitamin B1. Polyphenolic compounds in coffee and tea can inactivate thiamine; high intake of these beverages could compromise thiamine nutrition (35).
Association Between Vitamin B6 and the Risk of Colorectal Cancer: A Meta-analysis of Observational Studies
Published in Nutrition and Cancer, 2023
Jianxiong Lai, Mingqiao Guo, Dongmei Wang, Kuan Liu, Dengmin Hu, Jian Li
Vitamin B6 is an important component of the B vitamins and is widely found in cereals, meat, fish, poultry, vegetables, and some fruits. Dietary vitamin B6 is absorbed in the intestine and metabolized in the liver to pyridoxal 5′-phosphate (PLP) and subsequently enters the blood, where it serves as a coenzyme for more than 160 different reactions in multiple metabolic pathways (6). For example, vitamin B6 acts as a coenzyme of serine hydroxymethyl transferase in the synthesis of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate (7, 8). Furthermore, vitamin B6 is also a coenzyme of cystathionine β-synthase and cystathionine γ-lyase; the former condenses homocysteine and serine into cystathionine, and the latter converts cystathionine into cysteine (9). As vitamin B6 participates in various metabolic reactions as a coenzyme, it is thought to reduce the susceptibility to colorectal cancer (10).
Efficacy of B-vitamins and vitamin D therapy in improving depressive and anxiety disorders: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials
Published in Nutritional Neuroscience, 2023
Jaqueline G. Borges-Vieira, Camila K. Souza Cardoso
In conclusion, our results suggest that supplementation with a combination of active (reduced) forms of B vitamins, or L-methylfolate alone or combined with methylcobalamin, or thiamine alone, along with an adequate dosage of vitamin D, is effective, safe, and well-tolerated for improving clinical symptoms of MDD or mild to severe depression. B vitamins can also decrease serum homocysteine concentration, which helps reduce the severity of depressive symptoms, even in the absence of serum vitamin B deficiency. Individuals with minimal sun exposure and inadequate vitamin D levels (< 30 ng/ml) may benefit from vitamin D therapy and its effects on mood regulation and GAD. Our findings also reinforce the need for therapeutic strategies for individuals with inadequate responses to antidepressants and low borderline levels of these vitamins (with a preference for biologically active coenzyme forms in the case of B-complex).
A combination of green tea, rhodiola, magnesium and B vitamins modulates brain activity and protects against the effects of induced social stress in healthy volunteers
Published in Nutritional Neuroscience, 2022
Neil Bernard Boyle, Jac Billington, Clare Lawton, Frits Quadt, Louise Dye
Magnesium (Mg) has long been proposed to offer therapeutic action with evidence of mood stabilising effects (e.g. depression [4], mania [5]). Mg is a particularly relevant nutrient in the treatment of stress and anxiety since Mg status is closely aligned with stress levels: exposure to psychosocial stress increases Mg excretion, resulting in Mg deficiency [6] which increases endocrine stress reactivity [7], further depleting Mg levels. Dietary levels of Mg intake are also modestly inversely associated with subjective anxiety [8]. Further, Mg supplementation can reduce anxiety-related symptomology in anxiety vulnerable populations (e.g. premenstrual syndrome) [9]; particularly when administered with additional ingredients such a B vitamins which are also depleted by stress and associated with stress alleviation [10,11].