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Role of Medicinal Plants in the Treatment of Hemorrhoids
Published in Megh R. Goyal, Preeti Birwal, Durgesh Nandini Chauhan, Herbs, Spices, and Medicinal Plants for Human Gastrointestinal Disorders, 2023
Yaw Duah Boakye, Daniel Obeng Mensah, Eugene Kusi Agyei, Richard Agyen, Christian Agyare
The major phytochemicals in Cissus quadrangularis are flavonoids. Bioflavonoids have been shown to exhibit phelotonic, vasculoprotective, and anti-inflammatory activities. Luteolin and ß-sitosterol from the crude extract of C. quadrangularis have been shown to produce its anti-inflammatorry effect. The venotonic effect of C. quadrangularis has been postulated to be due to the flavonoids present in its crude extract, which act in the same way as that of diosmin and hesperidin (found in Daflon).53
Coronary Artery Disease
Published in Stephen T. Sinatra, Mark C. Houston, Nutritional and Integrative Strategies in Cardiovascular Medicine, 2022
As a cardiologist, quercetin is one of my top-ten nutraceuticals. Even in this age of Covid-19, quercetin has been effective in helping to ameliorate viral inflammatory illnesses.18 One aspect of quercetin reminds me of when I was a young cardiologist in my mid-30s and first discovered the Zutphen Elderly Study,19 which blew me away. It was an exciting study, and like the Framingham Study, it lasted for decades; they looked at quercetin in the bloodstream of elderly Dutchman, and the endpoint of the study was death. In other words, the researchers were not concerned about how participants met their demise. They evaluated not only how long they lived, but also the quercetin content in their blood. The bottom line was simple: the higher the blood levels of quercetin, the longer these Dutchman lived! They looked at foods such as onions, green apples, and black tea, which are all foods and beverages containing significant quantities of the bioflavonoid. As a young cardiologist, when I reviewed the study and continued to follow the results, I started adding raw onions to my salads and always cooked my pasta sauces with chopped onions. It is no wonder that onions and artichokes are in my top-ten foods. Now back to artichokes….
Nonessential Dietary Components: Bioflavonoids and Curcumin
Published in Luke R. Bucci, Nutrition Applied to Injury Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, 2020
Bioflavonoids are a ubiquitous class of compounds found in plants.1321–1327Table 1 lists the five chemical classes of bioflavonoids and some more common representatives from each category. Over 20 million possible structures exist for bioflavonoids, and over 500 separate structures have been characterized to date. In addition, synthetic (e.g., Cromolyn) and semisynthetic flavonoids have also been produced in an effort to patent the biological activities found for naturally occurring bioflavonoids. Since bioflavonoids are common plant components, bioflavonoids are part of a normal diet. At one time, bioflavonoids were thought to be essential dietary components for preventing capillary permeability, hence the now disregarded synonym of vitamin P. Flavonoids have received renewed interest in the life sciences by virtue of their powerful effects on enzymes and cells. Many of these actions have potential therapeutic applications in regards to healing of injuries or joint diseases.
Amalgamation of in-silico, in-vitro and in-vivo approach to establish glabridin as a potential CYP2E1 inhibitor
Published in Xenobiotica, 2021
Shipra Bhatt, Vinay Kumar, Ashish Dogra, Probir Kumar Ojha, Priya Wazir, Payare Lal Sangwan, Gurdarshan Singh, Utpal Nandi
In this direction, plant-based natural products have immense potential for developing new drugs, as evidenced by the high proportion of currently available marketed drugs are directly or indirectly linked to phyto-origin. In the present study, we are focussing on the exploration of five phytoconstituents from the class of bioflavonoids to identify a new potential CYP2E1 inhibitor. The compounds include fisetin, chrysin, epicatechin, glabridin, and nobiletin (Figure 1). There is no report available in the literature to date for their potential CYP2E1 inhibitory action. However, these candidates or their plant source (SI Table 1, Supplementary Information) are generally taken as a food supplement due to their beneficial pharmacological activities towards combating liver toxicity. Concomitant administration of bioflavonoids as food supplement/nutraceutical with allopathic drugs may cause potential drug interaction by reducing or raising plasma level of the administered drug leading to its therapeutic failure or a higher risk for precipitation of dose-related adverse effects, respectively. For example, co-administration of St. John’s wort with cyclosporine, or co-administration of gallic acid with saquinavir results in serious consequences (Barone et al.2000, Mai et al.2000, Piscitelli et al.2002, Dogra et al.2018). Therefore, it is prudent to investigate on CYP2E1 inhibition by the selected candidates. It would be beneficial for safe coadministration by avoiding potential nutraceutical-drug interactions.
Hesperetin nanoparticles attenuate anxiogenic-like behavior and cerebral oxidative stress through the upregulation of antioxidant enzyme expression in experimental dementia of Alzheimer’s type
Published in Neurological Research, 2020
Akbar Hajizadeh Moghaddam, Hananeh Ahmadnia, Sedigheh Khanjani Jelodar, Mojtaba Ranjbar
Hst is one of the common natural bioflavonoids found plentifully in grapefruit and orange fruits. Hst contains favorable antioxidant [9] and has nephroprotective [10–12], anti-inflammatory [13,14], anti-apoptotic [15], anti-ototoxic [16], antihypertensive [17] and neuroprotective properties [18]. Also, Hst consumption has been associated with healthy aging and preventing cardiovascular diseases, metabolic dysfunction, and neurotoxicity [19]. Despite these medicinal benefits, Hst has a low bioavailability [8], rapid clearance from the body, and short plasma circulation time [20]. Hence, the clinical application of this bioflavonoid is greatly restricted. To overcome these limitations, it is necessary to develop a system that could increase the solubility of Hst. Among the main nanomaterials used for this purpose, one can name nanoparticles, nanospheres, and nanocapsules, which are the sub-micron, matrix, vesicular systems, respectively. Nanoparticles are suitable for drug delivery of water-insoluble compounds such as Hst [21,22].
Biological activities, isolated compounds and HPLC profile of Verbascum nubicum
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2019
Heba Abd El Hady El Gizawy, Mohammed Abdalla Hussein, Essam Abdel-Sattar
Many studies reported that hepatoprotecive effect of luteolin against various kind of insults like d-galactosamine, CCl4 and N-nitrosodiethylamine in animal models (Domitrović et al. 2009; Lee et al. 2011; Balamurugan and Swamidoss 2010). Also, hesperidin is a pharmacologically active bioflavonoid found in many of the medicinal plants, with antioxidant and free radical scavenging property (Pari et al. 2015). In our present study MeOH and n-BuOH extracts of V. nubicum treatment ameliorate the LPS associated rise in TBARS, ALT, AST, LDH and depletion of antioxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD and GPx) as well as GSH level. This could be attributed to the scavenging activity of MeOH and n-BuOH containing hesperidin towards ROS and sparing of endogenous antioxidant enzymes (Pari et al. 2015). Hydrophilic glycosidic part of hesperidin helps it to reside in the cytoplasmic compartment of cell. So this bioflavonoid has a good intracellular radical scavenging activity and is able to inactivate reactive metabolites and ROS at the site of its production itself (Hwang et al. 2012). Thus it can prevent the peroxidation of polyunsaturated lipids present in the plasma membrane and other subcellular organelles like endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria and helps to maintain its integrity (Nathiya et al. 2015).