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Physical Examination of the Hand
Published in J. Terrence Jose Jerome, Clinical Examination of the Hand, 2022
Clinical examination of the patient is not complete without vascular examination. Physical examination is the clinical and primary method to evaluate patients with vascular diseases. It is vital to look for radial pulse in both upper extremities. The radial artery lies more superficial in the forearm running under the anterior aspect of the brachioradialis. It crosses the supinator to enter the anterior and radial aspect of the forearm. We can palpate the radial pulse between the brachioradialis and flexor carpi radialis at the wrist. In 10% of individuals, a persistent median artery is felt along the course of the median nerve. The persistent median artery contributes to form the superficial arch and passes deep to the transverse carpal ligament.
Therapeutic Implications
Published in Thomas F. Lüscher, Paul M. Vanhoutte, The Endothelium: Modulator of Cardiovascular Function, 2020
Thomas F. Lüscher, Paul M. Vanhoutte
In most blood vessels serotonin evokes contractions by activating 5HT2-serotonergic receptors on vascular smooth muscle, while the receptors on the endothelium linked to the release of EDRF are of a 5HT,-subtype (Figure 17; see Chapter 6). Thus, 5HT2-serotonergic blockers (e.g., ketanserin, naftidrofuryl) prevent the vasoconstrictor effect of platelet-released serotonin, and often unmask endothelium-dependent relaxations to the monoamine or to aggregating platelets. These effects may be relevant to the treatment of vascular disease.981 In addition, naftidrofuryl causes the release of EDRF at least in the femoral artery of the dog (Figure 19).1341,1435
Myeloproliferative Disorders
Published in Harold R. Schumacher, William A. Rock, Sanford A. Stass, Handbook of Hematologic Pathology, 2019
Patients are often asymptomatic, especially in the very early stages of the disease; the disorder may be discovered accidently. Complaints of headaches, dizziness, weakness, malaise, fatigue, or visual disturbances are common. Symptoms of vascular disease may manifest as angina, intermittent claudication, and cerebral insufficiency. Thrombotic episodes—myocardial infarcts, erythromelalgia, hepatic vein thrombosis (Budd-Chiari syndrome)—are well documented. Paradoxically, patients with PV tend to bleed, especially from the upper gastrointestinal tract. Intense pruritis may occur following bathing (especially after a hot shower). Almost half of patients have asymptomatic hyperuricemia.
Targeting VCAM-1: a therapeutic opportunity for vascular damage
Published in Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets, 2023
Mayarling F Troncoso, Magda C Díaz-Vesga, Fernanda Sanhueza-Olivares, Jaime A Riquelme, Marioly Müller, Luis Garrido, Luigi Gabrielli, Mario Chiong, Ramon Corbalan, Pablo F Castro, Sergio Lavandero
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in the world and represent 32% of worldwide deaths in 2019, highlighting the urgency of treatment and early detection. The mortality associated with COVID-19 was markedly high in 2020, and the estimated risk of death from the virus increased by 2.25-fold in people with cardiovascular diseases. Nearly 19 million people died from cardiovascular diseases that year [1]. Cardiovascular diseases include blood vessel diseases, such as atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral arterial disease, deep vein thrombosis, and pulmonary embolism [2]. Together, vascular diseases are highly relevant in cardiovascular diseases and require the development of novel and effective therapeutic strategies to limit their morbidity and mortality.
Orally delivered rutin in lipid-based nano-formulation exerts strong antithrombotic effects by protein disulfide isomerase inhibition
Published in Drug Delivery, 2022
Dan Chen, Yurong Liu, Peiwen Liu, Yang Zhou, Longguang Jiang, Cai Yuan, Mingdong Huang
Thrombosis, the occlusion of blood vessels by localized clots, can occur in both macrocirculation and microcirculation, and becomes the central pathological event in various vascular diseases, including myocardial infarction, stroke, and pulmonary embolism (Mackman, 2008; Wendelboe & Raskob, 2016). During clot formation, the recruitment of activated platelets occurs in parallel with the blood coagulation cascade. Both processes communicate and promote each other to generate glue-like fibrin to seal the injured vessel. Currently, antiplatelets and anticoagulants are a mainstay for thrombosis prevention. However, there is an inherent risk of bleeding for these agents, which results in adverse cardiovascular events and negates the potential clinical benefit (Mackman, 2008; Melnikova, 2009; Lin et al., 2015b). Therefore, there are extensive and continuous efforts to develop novel antithrombotics with favorable potency and safety.
Blood flow restriction resistance training in a recreationally active person with Parkinson’s disease
Published in Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 2022
Peter C. Douris, Nick D’Agostino, William G. Werner, John Petrizzo, Joanne DiFrancisco-Donoghue
This study was organized and conducted at New York Institute of Technology (NYIT). Inclusion criteria included: 1) a diagnosis of PD by a licensed neurologist; 2) a level 2 or 3 on the Hoehn and Yahr scale; 3) overall good health and recreationally active; 4) RLS as verified by the RLS Scale (Walters et al., 2003); and 5) score between 1.0 and 1.2 on the Ankle- Brachial Index Scale for peripheral arterial disease (Danchu et al., 2010). Exclusion criteria included: 1) history of pulmonary disease, heart disease, pneumonia, hypertension, or stroke; 2) current or former smoker; and 3) history of deep vein thrombosis, diabetes, intermittent claudication, peripheral vascular disease and peripheral arterial disease. A participant was identified and informed of the procedures of the study and signed a written consent in order to participate in the study. All procedures of the investigation were conducted in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975. The consent form and the study were approved by the Institutional Review Board of NYIT.