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Neuroanatomy
Published in Helen Butler, Neel Sharma, Tiago Villanueva, Student Success in Anatomy - SBAs and EMQs, 2022
13 Which of the following arteries supply the frontal and medial cerebrum? Posterior cerebral arteryAnterior cerebral arteryMiddle cerebral arteryPosterior inferior cerebellar arteryAnterior spinal artery
Cranial Neuropathies I, V, and VII–XII
Published in Philip B. Gorelick, Fernando D. Testai, Graeme J. Hankey, Joanna M. Wardlaw, Hankey's Clinical Neurology, 2020
Precentral gyrus: the innervation of the facial muscles begins in the most lateral and inferior aspect of the precentral gyrus, near the sylvian fissure. A branch of the middle cerebral artery supplies this region.
Paper 2
Published in Amanda Rabone, Benedict Thomson, Nicky Dineen, Vincent Helyar, Aidan Shaw, The Final FRCR, 2020
Amanda Rabone, Benedict Thomson, Nicky Dineen, Vincent Helyar, Aidan Shaw
An MRI brain is performed for a stroke patient confirming a right middle cerebral artery territory infarct. Whilst reviewing the acquired images you note a well-defined midline nasopharyngeal mass, just deep to and elevating the mucosa of the posterior nasopharynx between the heads of the longus colli muscles. The mass is homogenous, T1 isointense and T2 hypointense. There is no restricted diffusion. Looking at a previous MRI from 1 year earlier, this was present at that time and has not changed.
Endovascular treatment for ischemic stroke patients with and without atrial fibrillation, and the effects of adjunctive pharmacotherapy: a narrative review
Published in Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, 2023
Muath Alobaida, Gregory Y H Lip, Deirdre A Lane, Dimitrios Sagris, Andrew Hill, Stephanie L Harrison
Recent evidence of EVT on stroke outcomes of posterior circulation appears promising. Growing evidence appears to expand the inclusion criteria of EVT treatment in posterior stroke and stroke with prior disability. Stroke treatment and its effects are time-sensitive and any delays in treatment result to worse outcomes. This emphasizes the need for early identification of stroke symptoms with available stroke clinical scales tool in community, pre-hospital personnel, or A&E department. Posterior stroke symptoms appear to be less well recognized compared with anterior stroke symptoms, possibly resulting from the unintended focus of stroke scales that overemphasize the anterior circulation, such as the middle cerebral artery. Given the lack of validated assessment tools in the pre-hospital phase, especially for the posterior circulation, a necessary paradigm shift in the current prehospital stroke assessment to effectively assess stroke symptoms may help address the imbalance between posterior and anterior stroke recognition and aid in shorter time to recanalization
Training flexible conceptual retrieval in post-stroke aphasia
Published in Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 2022
Sara Stampacchia, Glyn P. Hallam, Hannah E. Thompson, Upasana Nathaniel, Lucilla Lanzoni, Jonathan Smallwood, Matthew A. Lambon Ralph, Elizabeth Jefferies
MRI scans were traced onto standardized templates (Damasio & Damasio, 1989) and lesion identification was manually performed (see Table 2 and Figure 1 for lesion overlay). All eleven patients had lesions affecting the left posterior LIFG; in eight cases this damage extended to mid-to-anterior LIFG. Parietal regions (supramarginal gyrus and/or angular gyrus) were also affected in 9 cases out of 11, and pMTG was affected in all but four cases. While there was some damage to ATL in 4 patients (SD, KQ, KA, VN), the ventral portion of ATL, which has been implicated in conceptual representation across modalities (Binney et al., 2012; Visser et al., 2012), was intact in all cases. This region is supplied by both the anterior temporal cortical artery of the middle cerebral artery and the anterior temporal branch of the distal posterior cerebral artery, reducing its vulnerability to stroke (Borden, 2006; Conn, 2008; Phan et al., 2005). The hippocampus and parahippocampal gyrus were intact in all patients.
Usefulness of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a predictor of functional outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke after thrombolysis therapy
Published in Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, 2021
Sadaf Majid, Omair Ul Haq Lodhi, Asfandyar Khan Niazi, Somair Ul Haq Lodhi, Maimoona Siddiqui
A total of 98 patients were included in the analysis. The mean age of patients was 58 ± 6.4 years, with 60 male participants (61.2%) (Table 1). Of the 98 patients, 44 (44.9%) had an NLR of <2.39 and were included in group 1, whereas the remaining 54 patients (55.1%) had an NLR of >2.39 and were included in group 2. Group 1 had 25 men and 19 women (male-to-female ratio of 1.3), and group 2 had 35 men and 19 women (male-to-female ratio of 1.8). Patients in group 2 had a higher mean NIHSS (18.6 ± 7.9) than those in group 1 (12.8 ± 6.3; P = 0.01). Hemorrhagic transformation was seen in 11 patients (11.2%), with 7 patients in group 2 and 4 patients in group 1 (P = 0.04). The stroke occurred in the middle cerebral artery in 70 patients (71.4%), in the anterior cerebral artery in 14 (14.3%), in the posterior cerebral artery in 8 (8.2%), and in the cerebellar or brainstem in 6 (6.1%).