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Visual Fields in Neuro-Ophthalmology
Published in Vivek Lal, A Clinical Approach to Neuro-Ophthalmic Disorders, 2023
The majority of the arterial blood supply to the calcarine cortex is via the posterior cerebral artery, although there are variations between individuals and the occipital pole, which subserves macular vision, is often supplied by occipital branches from the middle cerebral artery.23,24 Macular sparing therefore often results following posterior cerebral artery territory thrombo-embolic infarcts, in both hemianopias (Figure 2.14) and quadrantanopias.1,3,11,18,25 Other patterns of sparing have also been reported, including along the horizontal and vertical meridia.3,11
ISQ – Neuroscience
Published in Bhaskar Punukollu, Michael Phelan, Anish Unadkat, MRCPsych Part 1 In a Box, 2019
Bhaskar Punukollu, Michael Phelan, Anish Unadkat
False – Anterior cerebral artery lesions – (i) upper motor neurone (UMN) palsy of foot and lower limb on contralateral side; (ii) sensory loss on contralateral side – foot and lower limb; (iii) urinary problems. Posterior cerebral artery lesions – (i) alexia without agraphia in left posterior cerebral artery lesions; (ii) Weber’s syndrome; (iii) UMN palsy of whole contralateral side; (iv) ipsilateral oculomotor nerve palsy; (v) superior homonymous quadrantinopia.
Single best answer (SBA)
Published in Tristan Barrett, Nadeem Shaida, Ashley Shaw, Adrian K. Dixon, Radiology for Undergraduate Finals and Foundation Years, 2018
Tristan Barrett, Nadeem Shaida, Ashley Shaw, Adrian K. Dixon
A 67-year-old man presents with left leg weakness with reduced sensation and milder, predominantly distal, left arm weakness. CT head shows low attenuation within the right medial frontal and parietal lobes. To which arterial territory does this correspond? Anterior cerebral artery.Middle cerebral artery.Posterior cerebral artery.Vertebral artery.Superior cerebellar artery.
Proceedings of the 44th Annual Upper Midwest Neuro-Ophthalmology Group Meeting
Published in Neuro-Ophthalmology, 2023
Negar Moheb, Adam Baim, Collin McClelland, John. J. Chen
Elaine A. Liu, BA, University of Michigan, presented a retrospective study of stroke risk factors in 87 patients with posterior cerebral artery (PCA) territory infarction and homonymous hemianopia as compared with 135 patients with internal carotid artery (ICA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory infarctions. The risk factor profile of the PCA cohort resembled that of the ICA/MCA cohort, except that the median age of the PCA cohort was more than a decade less than that of the ICA/MCA cohort. The authors found that most patients in the PCA cohort had multiple conventional stroke risk factors, most commonly systemic hypertension. Among stroke aetiologies in the PCA cohort, over 1/3 were of undetermined aetiology, slightly over 1/4 were attributed to cardio-aortic embolism, and only 1/8 were from supra-aortic large artery atherosclerosis. Atrial fibrillation (AF) was present in nearly 1/5 of the PCA cohort, which was significantly less frequent than in the ICA/MCA cohort. However, in nearly half of the patients with AF in the PCA cohort, the AF was not diagnosed until after the stroke. Overall, these findings indicate that the presence of an homonymous hemianopia may signify an especially high risk of cardioembolic disease.
Training flexible conceptual retrieval in post-stroke aphasia
Published in Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 2022
Sara Stampacchia, Glyn P. Hallam, Hannah E. Thompson, Upasana Nathaniel, Lucilla Lanzoni, Jonathan Smallwood, Matthew A. Lambon Ralph, Elizabeth Jefferies
MRI scans were traced onto standardized templates (Damasio & Damasio, 1989) and lesion identification was manually performed (see Table 2 and Figure 1 for lesion overlay). All eleven patients had lesions affecting the left posterior LIFG; in eight cases this damage extended to mid-to-anterior LIFG. Parietal regions (supramarginal gyrus and/or angular gyrus) were also affected in 9 cases out of 11, and pMTG was affected in all but four cases. While there was some damage to ATL in 4 patients (SD, KQ, KA, VN), the ventral portion of ATL, which has been implicated in conceptual representation across modalities (Binney et al., 2012; Visser et al., 2012), was intact in all cases. This region is supplied by both the anterior temporal cortical artery of the middle cerebral artery and the anterior temporal branch of the distal posterior cerebral artery, reducing its vulnerability to stroke (Borden, 2006; Conn, 2008; Phan et al., 2005). The hippocampus and parahippocampal gyrus were intact in all patients.
Usefulness of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a predictor of functional outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke after thrombolysis therapy
Published in Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, 2021
Sadaf Majid, Omair Ul Haq Lodhi, Asfandyar Khan Niazi, Somair Ul Haq Lodhi, Maimoona Siddiqui
A total of 98 patients were included in the analysis. The mean age of patients was 58 ± 6.4 years, with 60 male participants (61.2%) (Table 1). Of the 98 patients, 44 (44.9%) had an NLR of <2.39 and were included in group 1, whereas the remaining 54 patients (55.1%) had an NLR of >2.39 and were included in group 2. Group 1 had 25 men and 19 women (male-to-female ratio of 1.3), and group 2 had 35 men and 19 women (male-to-female ratio of 1.8). Patients in group 2 had a higher mean NIHSS (18.6 ± 7.9) than those in group 1 (12.8 ± 6.3; P = 0.01). Hemorrhagic transformation was seen in 11 patients (11.2%), with 7 patients in group 2 and 4 patients in group 1 (P = 0.04). The stroke occurred in the middle cerebral artery in 70 patients (71.4%), in the anterior cerebral artery in 14 (14.3%), in the posterior cerebral artery in 8 (8.2%), and in the cerebellar or brainstem in 6 (6.1%).