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The nervous system and the eye
Published in C. Simon Herrington, Muir's Textbook of Pathology, 2020
James A.R. Nicoll, William Stewart, Fiona Roberts
The visual cortex lies on the medial surface of the occipital lobe. Symptoms and signs of occipital lobe disease include: Unilateral cortical lesion producing homonymous hemianopiaCortical blindness occurring with extensive bilateral lesions of striate cortexVisual hallucinationsVisual agnosia
Psychology and Human Development EMIs
Published in Michael Reilly, Bangaru Raju, Extended Matching Items for the MRCPsych Part 1, 2018
Bilateral parietal lobe lesions.Bilateral temporal lobe lesions.Frontal and parietal lobe lesions.Frontal lesions.Left parietal lobe lesions.Left temporal lobe lesions.Occipital lobe lesions.Parieto-occipital lobe lesions.Right parietal lobe lesions.Right temporal lobe lesions.
Life Care Planning for Acquired Brain Injury
Published in Roger O. Weed, Debra E. Berens, Life Care Planning and Case Management Handbook, 2018
David L. Ripley, Roger O. Weed
The occipital lobe is located on the most posterior aspect of the brain. Visual information is registered and processed here. Individuals with injury to this area may have cortical blindness, which is an inability to see because of failure of the brain to recognize the neural signals sent from the eyes.
A preliminary study of atypical cortical change ability of dynamic whole-brain functional connectivity in autism spectrum disorder
Published in International Journal of Neuroscience, 2022
The occipital lobe is the visual processing center. The primary visual cortex (V1) contains a low-level description of the local orientation, spatial-frequency and color properties within small receptive fields. The V1 projects to the occipital areas of the ventral stream (visual area V2 and visual area V4), and the occipital areas of the dorsal stream—visual area V3, visual area MT (V5), and the dorsomedial area (DM).The ASD participants may have the expected prefrontal and occipital asymmetry by GMV analysis [83]. Meanwhile, there was reported that male homozygotes for the risk alleles characterized by genotype at rs7794745 (susceptibility gene for ASD) showed greater reductions in gray matter of the right frontal pole and in fractional anisotropy values of the right rostral fronto-occipital fasciculus [84].
Evaluating and managing severe headache in the emergency department
Published in Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics, 2021
Michelangelo Luciani, Andrea Negro, Valerio Spuntarelli, Enrico Bentivegna, Paolo Martelletti
The use of neuroimaging and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan to exclude an occipital lobe injury is indicated in case of: a stereotyped visual aura repeatedly manifested on one side; increased frequency or modification of a long-lasting visual aura; sudden modification of the aura characteristics; unexplained defect of the visual field or the persistence of a scotoma following a typical visual aura; or comorbidity of epileptic seizures [31]. The most common MRI findings are subcortical and periventricular white matter lesions, which are more frequent in migraineurs (12–48%) than in healthy subjects (2–11%) [32]. These lesions may be misinterpreted as a sign of multiple sclerosis, leading to further investigation, such as lumbar puncture, and causing anxiety to the patient.
“Playthings of the Brain”: Phantom Visions in Charles Bonnet Syndrome
Published in Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 2019
While the occipital lobe is the brain’s vision center, there is some extension of functionally related brain real estate that includes the regions of the lateral (side) and ventral (bottom) temporal cortex, the limbic cortex, and the parietal lobe (ffytche, 2005). This aids our visual capabilities in such things as movement in space and object processing. Knowledge of this cortical geography can assist researchers studying visual processing, or more relevant to the present article, the neurobiological experience of hallucination. ffytche et al. (1998) found, in subjects experiencing a hallucinatory event, increased activity in the parts of the cortex that are specialized for that which was hallucinated – faces, patterns, etc. It seems, then, that although the function of the eyes is diminished, the brain still “sees” in CBS. But why?