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Thermography by Specialty
Published in James Stewart Campbell, M. Nathaniel Mead, Human Medical Thermography, 2023
James Stewart Campbell, M. Nathaniel Mead
During coronary artery bypass grafting procedures (CABG), the vessels of the anterior heart are readily visualized. Posterior vessels may only be seen by carefully rotating the heart. Because the temperature of the circulating blood is almost equal to that of the myocardium, visualizing graft patency requires special techniques.219 By using a thermal imager to observe the vessel as it is infused with either cold or warm saline, any blockage of the vessels may be easily visualized even with cardiac movement.220 This procedure can replace intraoperative radiographic coronary arteriography, which requires injection of a contrast agent and X-ray equipment in the operating room.221 Thermography is used in CABG procedures to visualize temperatures as the cardiac surface is cooled with a stream of cold CO2. Adequate coronary blood flow can be confirmed by observing the surface temperatures of the heart.222
Management of vascular complications during nonvascular operations
Published in Sachinder Singh Hans, Mark F. Conrad, Vascular and Endovascular Complications, 2021
Kush Sharma, M. Ashraf Mansour
Any peristomal hemorrhage or hemoptysis in the setting of tracheostomy placement should be further investigated with a high index of suspicion for TIF.12 The timeline for presentation can give some insight to the etiology. Hemorrhage within 48 hours of tracheostomy placement is usually due to anterior jugular or thyroid vein tear, coagulopathic state, tracheal suction, or bronchopneumonia.12 The peak incident of TIF is between the first and second weeks after tracheostomy.14 Hemorrhage after this time up to 6 weeks from tracheostomy placement should be considered a TIF until proven otherwise and warrant further clinical evaluation.12 If patients are stable, arteriography is an option. Patients with bleeding can be diagnosed via bronchoscopy. When the source of bleeding cannot be ascertained via bronchoscopy, thoracotomy is the next step in management.15
The Duodenum and Small Bowel
Published in E. George Elias, CRC Handbook of Surgical Oncology, 2020
Sarcomas of the small bowel are frequently encountered in the ileum. The most common one is leiomyosarcoma. These tumors arise from the smooth muscle cells of the muscularis mucosa or muscularis propria. These tumors are reddish brown in color and have a pseudo capsule. They may grow subserosaly and reach a large size before they become symptomatic. For this reason, leiomyosarcomas frequently present as a palpable abdominal mass. On the other hand, these tumors may grow submucosally stretching the mucosal lining of the bowel. Endoscopally, they can be seen as submucosal lesions. As they reach a large size, the center becomes necrotic and cavitated. Furthermore, they ulcerate the overlying mucosa, and therefore, these frequently present with GI bleeding. In such cases, selective arteriography can be diagnostic. These tumors, as any other sarcoma, have the propensity for blood-borne metastasis even without regional lymph nodes involvement. Massive peritoneal invasion can occasionally be seen.
Phase 2, randomized, open-label study on catheter-directed thrombolysis with plasmin versus rtPA and placebo in acute peripheral arterial occlusion
Published in Journal of Drug Assessment, 2019
Anthony J. Comerota, Lazar Davidovic, Kim Hanna, Kecia L. Courtney, Richard D. Shlansky-Goldberg
The Central Reading Facility comprised three radiologists, who performed blinded, retrospective evaluations of arteriogram imaging quality, degree of thrombolysis, evidence of thrombosis, or rethrombosis, and restoration of patency of the native artery or bypass graft. The readers evaluated success of thrombolysis and flow based on arteriography at 2 h (when available) and at the end of treatment (EOT), relative to baseline. Readers used categories of: ≤50%, 51–75%, 76–90%, and >90% thrombolysis. The readers also assessed the absence of flow at baseline in the affected leg by duplex ultrasound, and restoration of flow at EOT or post-intervention, day 7, and day 30 ± 3. Each patient’s arteriograms were reviewed by two radiologists. If the readings agreed, there was no further review. If the reading of the initial two radiologists did not agree, the interpretation of the third radiologist served as the adjudicator.
Surgical management of primary parapharyngeal space tumors in 103 patients at a single institution
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica, 2018
Fenglin Sun, Yan Yan, Dongmin Wei, Wenming Li, Shengda Cao, Dayu Liu, Guojun Li, Xinliang Pan, Dapeng Lei
Imaging is essential to evaluate the location and extent of PPS neoplasms because of the limitations of physical examination in this anatomical area [11]. Arteriography is performed infrequently for the diagnostic purposes. In rare instances, it can be used to evaluate cervicocerebral collateral circulation, which may necessitate the sacrifice of major blood vessels [5]. DSA is helpful for surgeons to understand the compensation of the blood supply to the brain and Wills rings and then to properly assess the safety of resection of tumor adhering to the internal carotid artery. In this study, five patients underwent DSA and were diagnosed with carotid body paraganglioma postoperatively. Among them, three cases could not be resected directly because of severe adhesion to the internal carotid artery and common carotid artery, so vascular prosthesis bypass grafting was performed after resection. To reduce intraoperative blood loss, one patient with neurilemoma that invaded the intervertebral foramen underwent ascending cervical artery superselective embolization and vertebral artery balloon embolization. This provided strong protection for the complete resection of the tumor.
Catheterization of Ventral Caudal Artery in Rats: A Modified Technique for Repeatable Angiography and Intervention
Published in Journal of Investigative Surgery, 2022
Qun Gao, Jingwen Fan, Shen Hu, Daming Wang
The ostium of the right renal and cranial mesenteric arteries were successfully identified using aortography with a microcatheter positioned at the location of the renal artery branch of the celiac artery (Figure 2b, c). Aortic arch injections showed the branches of the rat aorta, namely, a brachiocephalic artery that split into the right subclavian artery and right CCA, followed by the left CCA and left subclavian artery (Figure 2d). Selective arteriography was performed by advancing the catheter into the ostium of the right ICA a branch of the ICA, the pterygopalatine artery, and anterior circulation vessels were clearly visualized (Figure 2e, f). All angiographic investigations of the target arteries from the transtail artery approach were completed satisfactorily.