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Autopsy Cardiac Examination
Published in Mary N. Sheppard, Practical Cardiovascular Pathology, 2022
Microscopically, the myocytes started to separate and looked disorganized (Fig. 1.60). They lose their nuclei, swell up and disappear gradually leaving a hazy background with bubble formation and pigment deposition (Fig. 1.61). There is bacterial overgrowth within and outside blood vessels with no inflammation around them. Interpretation of histological findings are limited with advanced autolysis so that fibre disarray, inflammation and fibrosis may be impossible to comment on. However, with trichrome staining, one can detect fibrosis even in advanced autolysis.
Animal Models of Tendon Repair
Published in Yuehuei H. An, Richard J. Friedman, Animal Models in Orthopaedic Research, 2020
Standard histologic methods have been used quite extensively to study tendons. For light microscopy, specimens are fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin, embedded in paraffin, sectioned and stained. Haematoxylin and eosin is the most commonly used stain. Other commonly used stains include Milligan’s trichrome, Van Gieson’s and Verhoeff’s stains. Transmission and scanning electron microscopy are also useful techniques. Specimens for SEM may be fixed in 0.2 NSorensen’s phosphate-buffered glutaraldehyde, dehydrated in an ethanol series and dried in liquid CO2.56
Peripheral Blood and Bone Marrow
Published in Harold R. Schumacher, William A. Rock, Sanford A. Stass, Handbook of Hematologic Pathology, 2019
Fermina Maria Mazzella, Gerardo Perrotta
Trichrome stain is used to determine the amount of type I collagen, that is, fibrosis, that is present. Frank collagen fibrosis is absent in normal bone marrow, and uncommon in hematopoietic disorders. It does, however, occur frequently in the presence of metastatic tumor and certain acute leukemias (FAB-M7).
Histological and biochemical evaluation of the effects of silver nanoparticles (AgNps) versus titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) on rat parotid gland
Published in Ultrastructural Pathology, 2023
Sara M. Abdel Aal, Maha Z. Mohammed, Abeer A. Abdelrahman, Walaa Samy, Ghadeer M. M. Abdelaal, Raghda H. Deraz, Shaimaa A. Abdelrahman
Thereafter, all sections were incubated with the streptavidin – biotin peroxidase complex. Reactions were visualized with 3,30-diaminobenzidine-tetrahydrochloride (DAB – Sigma-Aldrich Chemical Co., St. Louis, USA) as a chromogen. The sections were counterstained with Mayer’s hematoxylin, dehydrated and mounted. For negative control, the primary antibody was replaced with PBS. Sections were examined and photographed with a microscope (Leica, Germany). Positive reactions for Caspase-3 and CD68 proteins appeared brown-yellow particles in the cytoplasm. Sections stained with H&E, Mallory trichrome stain, and immunohistochemistry were examined and photographed by the light microscope at the Medical Histology and Cell Biology department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
Salvianolic acid A suppresses CCl4-induced liver fibrosis through regulating the Nrf2/HO-1, NF-κB/IκBα, p38 MAPK, and JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathways
Published in Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 2023
Shengnan Li, Rong Wang, Fuxing Song, Panpan Chen, Yanqiu Gu, Chun Chen, Yongfang Yuan
Liver tissues were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde solution, paraffin-embedded, and sectioned. The liver sections were then stained with hematoxylin–eosin (H&E) for histological examination. Microscopic fields in all liver sections were randomly selected for examination using a light microscope (Nikon, Tokyo, Japan). The degree of liver fibrosis was measured as follows: 0, no obvious fibrosis; 1, fibrosis present: collagen fibers that extend from the portal triad or central vein to peripheral regions; 2, mild fibrosis: few collagen fibers extending without formation of compartments; 3, moderate fibrosis: collagen fibers with formation of ‘pseudo leaves’; and 4, severe fibrosis: many collagen fibers with thickening of partial compartments and formation of ‘pseudo lobes’. Masson's trichrome staining is usually used to discriminate collagen fibers from tissues on histological slides. Hence, in addition to H&E staining, Masson’s trichrome staining was used to microscopically estimate collagen deposition. Five different fields were randomly observed in each slice (×100). All histological examinations were performed by a very experienced pathologist blinded to the study protocol.
Histopathological, physiological and biochemical assessment of resveratrol nanocapsules efficacy in bleomycin-induced acute and chronic lung injury in rats
Published in Drug Delivery, 2022
Neama M. Albanawany, Doaa M. Samy, Noha Zahran, Riham M. El-Moslemany, Shefaa Mf. Elsawy, Maha W. Abou Nazel
Previous studies revealed that, if not properly treated, BLM-injured lung tissues progress to chronic interstitial lung fibrosis (Baek et al., 2020). In line, after 21 days of BLM exposure, rats showed persistent lung tissue injury, oxidative stress and inflammation although MDA level, SOD activity, iNOS and c-caspase 3 were lower than in the acute phase. On the contrary, IL-6 and CD68+ immunofluorescence was markedly increased. Histopathological examination showed wide areas of collapsed alveoli which markedly decreased gas exchange area together with thickened interalveolar septum, cellular infiltration and bronchiolar epithelium exfoliation. This chronic inflammation stimulated epithelial expansion and gave rise to a marked hyperplasia of type II alveolar cells. In line, it was previously reported that IL-1β produced by macrophages promotes abnormal mitosis of type II pneumocytes and inhibits their differentiation to alveolar type I pneumocytes (Vannella & Wynn, 2017). Remarkably, severe fibrosis was evident in trichrome stained and TEM sections. As a consequence of these pathological alterations, WBP results showed that pulmonary functions were markedly deteriorated, where VT and MRV were very restricted, and Penh was prolonged denoting increased resistance to air flow by the excess fibrosis.