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Applied Surgical Anatomy
Published in Tjun Tang, Elizabeth O'Riordan, Stewart Walsh, Cracking the Intercollegiate General Surgery FRCS Viva, 2020
Vishal G Shelat, Andrew Clayton Lee, Julian Wong, Karen Randhawa, CJ Shukla, Choon Sheong Seow, Tjun Tang
What are the main differentials of a swelling presenting in the popliteal fossa?Baker's cyst: Originates below the level of the knee joint as it extends below the gastrocnemius muscle. Associated with symptoms and signs of osteoarthritis of the kneeSemimembranosus bursa: If enlarged located medially under the popliteal edge of the semimembranosus muscle
The limbs and soft tissues
Published in Spencer W. Beasley, John Hutson, Mark Stringer, Sebastian K. King, Warwick J. Teague, Paediatric Surgical Diagnosis, 2018
Spencer W. Beasley, John Hutson, Mark Stringer, Sebastian K. King, Warwick J. Teague
A semimembranosus bursa lies between the gastrocnemius and the semimembranosus muscle. Enlargement produces a cystic swelling on the medial side of the popliteal fossa. Sometimes, a cyst in this region may be an extension into the popliteal fossa from the knee joint. These lumps are painless, but produce an obvious cosmetic deformity in the extended leg. The cyst resolves spontaneously over some months or years.
The neurological examination
Published in Michael Y. Wang, Andrea L. Strayer, Odette A. Harris, Cathy M. Rosenberg, Praveen V. Mummaneni, Handbook of Neurosurgery, Neurology, and Spinal Medicine for Nurses and Advanced Practice Health Professionals, 2017
Hamstring muscles: Biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus muscles (Figure 11.2e) Innervation: Sciatic nerve (L5, S1, and S2).Function: Flexion of knee joint.Physical examination: The patient lies prone and tries to flex the leg at the knee against resistance.
Mechanical characteristics of BMSCs-intervened sciatic nerve in chronic alcohol-intoxicated animal model
Published in International Journal of Neuroscience, 2021
Peng Li, Yudong Chen, Kun Yang, Dachuan Chen, Daliang Kong
On Day 74 of modeling (Day 14 of drug intervention), 20 rats in each group were taken, each selected animal was intraperitoneally injected 2% pentobarbital Sodium Injection (2 ml/kg) for anesthesia under aseptic conditions. After successful anesthesia, the blood was sampled from the eyeball, which was stood, centrifuged, and taken 6 mL of fresh blood for 15-min standing in the air. The blood was then centrifuge at 2000r/min for 20 min, and the supernatant was stored at -40 °C for future determination. Each anesthetized rat was then fixed on one operating table, made the median incision along the posterior left and right thighs, respectively, cut the skin and subcutaneous tissue, separated the semitendinosus and semimembranosus muscles, exposed and released the right sciatic nerve, and horizontally sampled 25 mm sciatic nerve from the middle part of the femur. Each group was sampled 25 specimens, which were wrapped in saline-soaked cloth, placed in a physiological saline tank, and stored at 4 °C for future detection.
Postoperative analgesic effectiveness of ultrasound guided combined femoral - sciatic nerve block versus combined adductor canal block – I PACK block in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty: A double- blind randomized study
Published in Egyptian Journal of Anaesthesia, 2023
Rania Maher Hussien, Mohamed Sabry Abdel-Badea Ismail, Amir Ibrahim Mohamed Salah, Ahmed Nagah Elshaer, Ayman Ahmad Elsayed Abdellatif, Tamer Nabil Abdelrahman
For the sciatic nerve block (SNB) shown in Figure 1B, patients were placed in a supine position with leg elevation and, under strict aseptic precautions, a linear probe (6–13 MHz) was used to identify the sciatic nerve as a hyper-echoic rounded structure between the semitendinosus and semimembranosus muscles anteriorly and the biceps femoris muscle posteriorly. Utilizing the in-plane method, we inserted the same 22-gauge needle from the lateral aspect of the thigh until it passed the perineural sheath, and after careful aspiration, we administered 20 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine around the sciatic nerve.
Profunda femoris artery perforator flaps: a detailed anatomical study
Published in Journal of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, 2020
Ahmadzadeh et al. reported an anatomical study evaluating the course and source arteries of PAP flaps. They visualized the PTR arteries of six cadavers, by injecting intra-arterial radiopaque markers and mapped skin vascularization of the PTR. They stated that the PFA supplied the most significant part of the skin vascularization of the PTR. On average, 5 ± 2 cutaneous perforators arising from branches of the PFA were seen. Of these, 65% were septocutaneous, while 35% were musculocutaneous perforators. The musculocutaneous perforators consisted of 80% biceps femoris muscle and 20% semimembranosus muscle.