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A Review of Automatic Cardiac Segmentation using Deep Learning and Deformable Models
Published in Kayvan Najarian, Delaram Kahrobaei, Enrique Domínguez, Reza Soroushmehr, Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Medicine, 2022
Behnam Rahmatikaregar, Shahram Shirani, Zahra Keshavarz-Motamed
The right ventricle receives the deoxygenated blood from the right atrium and pumps it to the pulmonary artery which carries blood to the lungs for oxygenation. The left ventricle collects oxygen-rich blood from the left atrium and pumps it through the aorta and coronary arteries to the rest of the body. Figure 2.1 shows the heart's structures.
Congestive Heart Failure
Published in Jahangir Moini, Matthew Adams, Anthony LoGalbo, Complications of Diabetes Mellitus, 2022
Jahangir Moini, Matthew Adams, Anthony LoGalbo
Cor pulmonale is defined as enlargement of the right ventricle because of a lung disorder (of the lung itself or its blood vessels) that results in pulmonary artery hypertension. The condition then leads to failure of the right ventricle. Cor pulmonale is chronic condition in most cases. However, it can be acute and even reversible. When diabetes mellitus is present, it increases the likelihood of the patient developing COPD.
The patient with acute cardiovascular problems
Published in Peate Ian, Dutton Helen, Acute Nursing Care, 2020
These valves are: Tricuspid: separates the right atrium and the right ventricle.Mitral: separates the left atrium and the left ventricle.Pulmonic: controls outflow of blood from the right ventricle to the Pulmonary artery.Aortic: controls the outflow of blood from the left ventricle to the Aorta.
The non-invasive echocardiographic assessment of right ventricular myocardial work in a healthy population
Published in Acta Cardiologica, 2023
Jian Wu, Xinyi Huang, Kunhui Huang, Qiumei Gao, Xu Chen, Yuan Tian, Yiruo Tang, Biqin Lin, Maolong Su
For decades, the importance of the right ventricle in clinical work and research on cardiovascular disease was neglected compared to that of the left ventricle. However, with increasing evidence that right ventricular (RV) dysfunction is closely related to the treatment and prognosis of diseases (e.g. acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, pulmonary hypertension [PH], after cardiac surgery and congenital heart disease), the right ventricle has received increasing attention from clinical and scientific researchers [1]. The most frequently used methods to analyse RV function are measuring the tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), RV fractional area change (RV FAC) and myocardial tissue Doppler velocities (S’) [2–4]. However, TAPSE, RV FAC and S’ do not consider RV afterload. Because afterload has a major effect on the thin-walled right ventricle, ignoring the influence of afterload will make the parameters incapable of being used to accurately evaluate RV function [5]. Recently, RV longitudinal strain, as a superior method of RV function evaluation, is still an afterload-dependent parameter [6,7].
Prenatal sonographic findings in a cohort of foetuses with a confirmed 22q11.2 microdeletion at a single Chinese Tertiary Centre
Published in Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2022
Xiang-Yi Jing, Yong-Ling Zhang, Li Zhen, Yan-Lin Li, Dong-Zhi Li
In the study period, a total of 77 foetuses with del22q11.2 were detected by CMA. One case was excluded because of the loss to follow-up, and the remaining 76 cases were included in this study (shown in Figure 1). The median maternal age was 28 (19–39) years. The median gestational age at prenatal diagnosis was 25 (12–32) weeks. CHD was the most common indication (47/76, 61.8%) for prenatal testing and was isolated in 52.6% (40/76) (Table 1). The constitution of CHD comprised predominantly of conotruncal defects (61.7%; 29/47), in which tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) was the most common one (23.4%; 11/47), followed by interrupted aortic arch (14.9%; 7/47), truncus arteriosus (10.6%; 5/47), coarctation of aorta (6.4%; 3/47), pulmonary stenosis (4.3%; 2/47) and double-outlet right ventricle (DORV) (2.1%; 1/47), respectively. Other heart anomalies were encountered in 38.3% (18/47) of cases; among these, right-sided aortic arch (RAA) was found in 11 (23.4%; 11/47) cases, and as an isolated cardiac finding in 9 cases (19.1%; 9/47).
Ebstein’s anomaly during pregnancy: experience from a tertiary care centre – a case series and review of literature
Published in Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2022
J. Yavana Suriya, Ashwini Raj, Ajith Ananthakrishna Pillai, Santhosh Satheesh, Nishad Plakkal, Pankaj Kundra, Anish Keepanasseril
Ebstein’s anomaly is a rare congenital cardiac anomaly, with wide functional and morphological spectrum of abnormalities of the tricuspid valve (TV) and right ventricle. Usually, it is associated with other lesions such as ASD (80–94%), patent foramen ovale, Wolf Parkinson’s White syndrome, first degree heart block (50%), RBBB or pulmonary hypertension or tricuspid atresia (30%) (Smith et al. 1982). Cyanosis, dyspnoea from cardiac failure being the commonest symptoms in the early childhood and those presenting in the adolescence or as adult usually have palpitations, fatigue or decreased exercise tolerance. Even though it could be diagnosed with foetal echocardiography, in the absence of a systematic foetal or neonatal cardiac screening in low to middle income countries, it may present for the first-time during pregnancy as in our case series.