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Trunk Muscles
Published in Eve K. Boyle, Vondel S. E. Mahon, Rui Diogo, Handbook of Muscle Variations and Anomalies in Humans, 2022
Eve K. Boyle, Vondel S. E. Mahon, Rui Diogo, Rowan Sherwood
Stevenson et al. (2014) describe a cadaver with a severe case of congenital scoliosis. The erector spinae muscles were severely atrophied on the left side and many parts were replaced by tendinous insertions. Erector spinae on the right side was comprised of typical fleshy muscle fibers but the tendons of iliocostalis inserted in a radial manner due to the abnormal thoracolumbar curvature (Stevenson et al. 2014).
Functional Rehabilitation
Published in James Crossley, Functional Exercise and Rehabilitation, 2021
The subconscious strives for postures and positions of ease. We instinctively shift towards positions of strength, mobility and stability. If a client has weak erector spinae muscles, a rigid thoracic spine and poor balance, they will tend to shift into a flexed postion. There is always a subconscious drive to feel stable, safe and secure.
The locomotor system
Published in Peter Kopelman, Dame Jane Dacre, Handbook of Clinical Skills, 2019
Peter Kopelman, Dame Jane Dacre
With the patient supine on the couch, assess straight leg raising: Lift the leg by placing your hand underneath the ankle and passively flex the hip, keeping the knee extended. When the limit is reached, perform the sciatic stretch test by passively dorsiflexing the ankle. The test assesses irritation of the low lumbar and upper sacral nerve roots. The result is positive if the patient complains of sensory disturbance (pains, pins and needles, or numbness) anywhere below the knee.Now ask the patient to turn over. Remove the pillow from the head of the couch and place it under their pelvis and abdomen. This slightly flexes the lumbar spine and is a comfortable position for the patient. Palpate down the spinous processes in turn and along the erector spinae muscles, looking for tenderness.Then perform the femoral stretch test. This is the counterpart of the sciatic stretch test and assesses irritation in the upper lumbar nerve roots, which contribute to the femoral nerve. Passively flex the person’s knee and, holding the foot, gently extend the hip. If this provokes spasm of the quadriceps and the patient complains of sensory disturbance over the front of the thigh, the test is positive.
Analgesic effect of adding calcitonin to bupivacaine in erector spine plane block for breast surgery, a double blind randomised study
Published in Egyptian Journal of Anaesthesia, 2023
Mona Gad Mostafa Elebieby, Mohammed Nashaat Mohammd, Khaled Abdelwahab, Emadeldeen Hamed, Zenat Eldadamony Mohamed Eldadamony
ESPB was conducted under perfect aseptic circumstances after induction of anaesthesia and 15 min before skin incision using a 100-mm 21 G needle guided by a US probe (linear) with a frequency of 6–13 MHz in either group (Siemens, CA, 94043, USA). Chin et al. demonstrated that ESPB was carried out unilaterally, on the same side of surgery, with the patients in a lateral decubitus position [14]. The block was performed using a sagittal approach, and the probe was positioned 2–3 cm laterally to the spine at the T5 level of the spine. As the transverse processes and the muscle (erector spinae) were located, the needle was advanced deeply into the muscle. Group B served as the control group, receiving 20 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine +2 mL of saline whereas group BC received the study solution (20 mL of bupivacaine 0.25% plus 50 IU of calcitonin in 2 mL of saline). The block performance between the transverse process and the erector spinae muscle were given to both groups, and LA was distributed both cranially and caudally.
Evaluation of the relationship of the T and M stage with the erector spinae muscle area in male lung cancer patients
Published in The Aging Male, 2023
This study has certain limitations, including the non-homogeneity of the number of patients according to the histological subtypes of lung cancer. In addition, our study was based on imaging at the time of the diagnosis of lung cancer, and follow-up examinations were not taken into consideration. Although TNM staging is used in non-small cell lung cancers, we think that it has a place in the prognosis of small cell lung cancers as well. Therefore, we included small cell lung cancers in the TNM staging. Maybe this can be considered a limitation. Using free-hand ROI for measurement may be a limitation, but it is a highly reproducible method since the intra and interobserver agreement is excellent. And it is used in this way in many radiological evaluations such as surrenal adenomas. The erector spinae muscle area was not adjusted according to the height of the patients in our study. Lastly, the inclusion of only male patients in the study is also a limitation.
Effect of seat tilting on biomechanics of L4 in tractor drivers
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 2023
Yang Yang, Jian Qi, Jinghui Liu, Yaping Wang, Liangyuan Xu, Yizhuo Zhang, Liqing Cheng
The results of the simulation and experimental comparison of the left erector spinae muscle are shown in Figure 4a, and the Pearson coefficient between the experimental and measured values was 0.922 (P < 0.05). The results of the simulation and experimental comparison of the right erector spinae muscle are shown in Figure 4b, and the Pearson coefficient between the experimental and measured values was 0.916 (P < 0.05). The Pearson coefficient around 0.9 indicates a good correlation between the experimental and measured values, and P < 0.5 indicates a significant correlation. Therefore, it can be concluded that the tractor driver biomechanical model can simulate the effect of actual tractor tilt operation on the driver's lumbar force (Li et al. 2015; Barba et al. 2021).