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A patient with high blood pressure
Published in Tim French, Terry Wardle, The Problem-Based Learning Workbook, 2022
Central obesity is measured by the waist-to-hip circumference ratio. This shows a stronger correlation to BP than the overall body mass. Intervention trials have demonstrated that weight loss is associated with a reduction in blood pressure.
The Scale of the Problem—Overweight and Obesity
Published in Ruth Chambers, Paula Stather, Tackling Obesity and Overweight Matters in Health and Social Care, 2022
Body mass index does not distinguish between mass due to body fat and muscles. Nor does it take account of the distribution of fat around the body. Some individuals who might not be defined as obese according to their BMI may still have a high degree of abdominal obesity, also termed ‘central’ obesity. So an adult’s waist circumference should be considered in addition to their BMI (especially for those with a BMI >35 kg/m2) when a clinician is assessing how overweight they are, or their waist:hip ratio. The relative distribution of fat between waist and hip predicts someone’s subsequent coronary artery disease better than their body mass index. There are increased health risks from obesity when the waist circumference exceeds 94 cm for men and 80 cm for women.
Ethnicity and ethnic elders: the sociocultural background
Published in Partha Ghosh, Shahid Anis Khan, Transcultural Geriatrics, 2018
Partha Ghosh, Shahid Anis Khan
Indo-Asian men have low levels of obesity. However, the pattern differs as they have more central or visceral obesity which is an important predictor of diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Central obesity is also linked with glucose intolerance, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridaemia and low serum HDL cholesterol.
Prevalence and associated factors of overweight and obesity among persons with type 2 diabetes in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Published in Annals of Medicine, 2023
Emmanuel Ekpor, Samuel Akyirem, Precious Adade Duodu
Our findings on the clinical factors associated with overweight and obesity reveal that several elements, including hypertension, central obesity, and high triglyceride levels, are well-established to have a common relationship with these conditions. These are all clinical parameters of metabolic syndrome and are frequently observed among patients with T2DM [108]. The increased risk for hypertension among individuals with obesity is believed to be mediated by the activation of the sympathetic nervous system, increased insulin resistance, and the release of adipokines [109]. Additionally, our study identified that T2DM patients with peripheral neuropathy were more likely to be obese. This is in line with previous reports from outside Africa, which have found that T2DM patients with peripheral neuropathy have higher body mass index (BMI) values [110]. Furthermore, our study revealed that having central obesity was associated with general obesity, which is in agreement with the well-established contemporary relationship between these two conditions.
Operator-specific outcomes in endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty: a propensity-matched analysis of the US population using a multicenter database
Published in Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, 2023
Hassam Ali, Faisal Inayat, Talia F. Malik, Pratik Patel, Gul Nawaz, Sobaan Taj, Attiq Ur Rehman, Arslan Afzal, Rizwan Ishtiaq, Muhammad Sohaib Afzal, Rashmi Advani, Rabindra R. Watson
The prevalence of central obesity is increasing worldwide, with rising concerns over increased mortality and morbidity in obesity-related conditions.15 Bariatric surgeries are safe and effective treatment options for obesity. However, such procedures are associated with poor patient acceptance due to fear of surgery-related complications and higher healthcare utilization costs.16 Consequently, noninvasive endoscopic bariatric therapies emerged. Abu Dayyeh and colleagues first introduced the ESG procedure in 2013.10 Since then, it has been rapidly evolving as one of the treatment modalities for weight loss.17 ESG is a fundus-sparing procedure, which is a distinct difference from sleeve gastrectomy. It involves plication of gastric curvature and fundus, reducing gastric volume by 75% to 80%.18
Risk factors for poor asthma control and impaired quality of life in a Caribbean population
Published in Journal of Asthma, 2021
Sateesh Sakhamuri, Cherisse Rampersad, Chelsie Ramsingh, Marsha A. Ivey, Lexley M. Pinto Pereira
The data were analyzed at the p = 0.05 level of significance. Some variables presented were derived from existing variables. Frequent exacerbations was defined as having a history of two or more exacerbations in the last twelve months. Reporting of at least two out of three cardinal symptoms viz; snoring, witnessed apneas and daytime sleepiness were considered as presence of sleep apnea features. Disease control, evaluated on the Asthma Control Test (ACT), was defined as uncontrolled (ACT score <20) and controlled (ACT score ≥20) (14). The Juniper Mini Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (Mini AQLQ–J) was used to create asthma quality of life impairment (AQLI) defined as impaired for those with poor/moderate AQLQ (scores 1–2 = poor and 3–5 = moderate) and not impaired as those with a good AQLQ (scores rated 6–7) (15). BMI was calculated and used as a measure of general obesity. Central obesity was defined as having an abnormal waist circumference ≥ 94 cm for males and ≥ 80 cm for females (16).