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Assessment – Nutrition-Focused Physical Exam to Detect Macronutrient Deficiencies
Published in Jennifer Doley, Mary J. Marian, Adult Malnutrition, 2023
Again, standing directly in front of the patient, inspect the buccal fat pad region for hollowing and depressed/sunken appearance along the cheek lines. Using the index and middle fingers, palpate the buccal fat pads under the cheekbones to assess fullness and bounce. Well-nourished patients will have full, round, and filled-out cheeks and will have a good bounce on palpation. Severely malnourished patients will have hollow, sunken depression with minimal bounce on palpation, indicating fat loss. See Figures 6.2–6.4.
Facial anatomy
Published in Michael Parker, Charlie James, Fundamentals for Cosmetic Practice, 2022
Finally, the buccal fat pad is sited lateral to the deep lateral cheek fat pad and courses from the angle of the mandible, superiorly along the lateral maxilla and zygoma before terminating over the inferior temporal bone.
Nonsurgical techniques: Botox and fillers
Published in John Dudley Langdon, Mohan Francis Patel, Robert Andrew Ord, Peter Brennan, Operative Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 2017
This product has been approved by the FDA as a soft-tissue augmentation material. It is a suspension of polymethyl methacrylate microspheres in 3.5% bovine collagen. It is useful to fill subcutaneous atrophy and atrophy of the buccal fat pad. It is best to inject small amounts each visit in incremental doses 4–6 weeks apart as it is a permanent filler.
Immunohistochemical evaluation of the cleft-affected scar tissue three decades post-corrective surgery: A rare case report
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica Case Reports, 2022
Mara Pilmane, Nityanand Jain, Elina Nadzina, Pavlo Fedirko, Gunta Sumeraga
In recent times, however, the outcomes of the primary cleft palate repair surgeries have been drastically enhanced by the application of modern principles including the reduction of tension during midline closure to avoid fistula formation, retro-positioning of the velar musculature to allow proper speech development, and avoidance or reduction of lateral bone raw surfaces and healing by secondary intention to attenuate maxillary growth interference [3–6]. Furthermore, the latest studies have shown enhanced healing of the lateral raw surfaces by using pedicled buccal fat pad flaps [3–6]. Yet, slow wound healing and formation of hypertrophic scars [7] remain an unsolved problem in the cleft literature.