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Animal Source Foods
Published in Chuong Pham-Huy, Bruno Pham Huy, Food and Lifestyle in Health and Disease, 2022
Chuong Pham-Huy, Bruno Pham Huy
Animal byproducts are products directly obtained from animals and are used as foods and in some cases as medicines. The most consumed whole animal byproducts are milk, egg, and honey which are mainly produced by farmed animals. Fish oil, cod liver oil, and krill oil are byproducts of seawater fish and shellfish, and are destined for the preparation of omega-3 unsaturated fatty acid dietary supplements. Velvet antler is a cartilaginous byproduct of deer, elk, moose, and caribou. In addition, edible bird’s nest and fish fins are byproducts of wild swiftlet birds and shark, respectively, and are employed as luxurious food for festivities in many Asian countries, and also for their tonic effects. Silk, skin, and fur are also animal byproducts used for clothing manufacture.
Deer antler based active ingredients have protective effects on LPS/d -GalN-induced acute liver injury in mice through MAPK and NF-κB signalling pathways
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2022
Guixiang He, Quanmin Zhao, Yan Zhao, Ying Zong, Shigang Gu, Mengjie Li, Renjie Li, Jiaxin Sun
The deer antler base is the ossified antler remaining on the stalk of the male sika deer after sawing off the antler. The following spring, when new antlers begin to grow, the antler base fall off on its own, so they are painless and available at a lower cost (Wu et al. 2013; Jiang et al. 2014). It is a part of deer antlers and is also an edible medicine. Its efficacy is similar to that of some other deer antlers (Wu et al. 2013). Modern medical research results prove that deer antler base has pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory and analgesic, anti-fatigue, improving sexual function (Zang et al. 2016), enhancing immunity, preventing osteoporosis and treating breast enlargement and mastitis (Zha et al. 2013; Hu et al. 2015; Tao W et al. 2018). Therefore, the purpose of this study is to isolate a protein component from the deer antler base, put forward the scientific hypothesis that this protein component protects mice from ALI, and study the specific mechanism of its protection of the liver.
Pilose antler peptide attenuates high-fat-diet-induced liver injury
Published in Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods, 2018
Lixin Xu, Lijun Yan, Weiwei Tao
Nowadays, a number of herbal drugs and their active ingredients have increased interest in the protection against NAFLD. Pilose antler peptide (PAP) extracted and purified from pilose antler has been used from over 2000 years as a traditional Chinese medicine to improve immunity (Zhang et al. 1992). This polypeptide has been reported to exhibit a certain extent of ameliorative effects on chronic inflammation and oxidative impairment with low side-effects and cytotoxicity in the damaged liver cells. As PAP inhibits the growth of NAFLD, this study was performed to investigate the action of PAP on HFD-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in rats.
Phase II investigational oral drugs for the treatment of radio/chemotherapy induced oral mucositis
Published in Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs, 2018
Stephen T. Sonis, Alessandro Villa
EC-18 is a synthesized version of monoacetyldiglyceride (1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-3-acetyl-rac-glycerol) which occurs naturally in a number of seed oils and milk fat. It has also been isolated from the antlers of silk deer and used as an essential component of oriental medicines [31]. Mechanistically relevant activities of EC-18 relative to its potential activity as a mucositis intervention include its ability to reduce oxidative stress [32], its suppression of the innate immune response [33], its interference with NF-κB activation [32] and matrix metalloproteinase production, and its stimulation of endogenous GM-CSF.