China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Ferry ships: A cost/environmental comparison of innovative solutions for the electric power generation in port
Published in C. Guedes Soares, T.A. Santos, Trends in Maritime Technology and Engineering Volume 2, 2022
T. Coppola, M. Fantauzzi, L. Micoli, L. Mocerino, F. Quaranta
SOFC is a green technology fuelled by LNG, which is a fossil fuel; therefore, it allows to bring to almost to zero values the CO, NOx, PM, SOx and HC emission and to reduce significantly (about 50.9 %) the CO2 emission thanks to its higher overall efficiency, which reduces the fuel consumption.
Thin Coating Technologies and Applications in High-Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Published in Sam Zhang, Jyh-Ming Ting, Wan-Yu Wu, Functional Thin Films Technology, 2021
The choice of an appropriate thin film deposition technique for SOFC applications is strongly influenced by the material to be deposited, the desired film quality and microstructure, process complexity and scalability, areas of deposition, and the cost of the instrumentation and operation. The existing SOFC technology has demonstrated much higher energy efficiency with extremely low pollutant emission over conventional energy technologies; the cost of the current SOFC systems is still prohibitively high for wide commercial applications. One of the major cost items is the cost of SOFC stack fabrication. The cost of thin electrolyte films, electrode coatings, and protective coatings for metallic interconnect is an important factor in the commercial realization of SOFC technologies. Nevertheless, in cases such as μ-SOFCs, the high film quality and the ability to produce unusual configurations would outweigh other considerations for the selection of thin film deposition techniques.
Renewables—The Future’s (only) Hope!
Published in Anco S. Blazev, Energy Security for The 21st Century, 2021
The major disadvantage of using SOFC systems is their very high operating temperatures. Also, carbon dust builds up on the anode with time, which slows down the internal reforming process. The “carbon coking” issue can also be resolved by using copper-based cermet (heat-resistant materials made of ceramic and metal), which reduces coking and the loss of performance.
Transient thermomechanical analysis of a 1 kW solid oxide fuel cell stack based on 3D multiphysical field model
Published in International Journal of Green Energy, 2023
Dingxi Xue, Qiangqiang Li, Guojun Li, Shuai Ma, Yufeng Du, Chaoxia Huo
As an energy conversion device with low pollutant emissions, fuel cell’s high energy conversion efficiency has attracted widespread attention from the scientific and engineering communities. SOFC has a series of advantages such as high energy conversion efficiency, fuel flexibility, an all-solid-state structure, and the ability to provide high quality waste heat, and is currently the focus of competitive research and development around the world. SOFC usually operates at high temperatures (600–1000°C) and has faster chemical reaction rates and transport kinetic properties, lower thermodynamic losses and higher electrochemical efficiency (Barelli et al. 2011). Studies have shown that natural gas SOFC systems applied to residential applications have low calorific power generation efficiencies of up to 60% (Richard, Jonathan, and Michael 2009), and when used in combination with gas turbines or reciprocating internal combustion engines, system efficiencies can exceed 70% (Patel, Woudstra, and Aravind 2012). Therefore, the study of SOFC is of great significance in promoting the development of efficient and clean power generation technologies and energy conservation and emission reduction.
A hybrid fuel cell, solar thermal collector, and coal-fired power plant; energetic, exergetic, and emission analysis
Published in Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 2022
Indrajit Patra, Sabah Auda AbdulAmeer, Raed Khalid, Zainab Jawad Kadhim, Zuhair I. Al Mashhadani, Hadi Roohbakhsh
Solid oxide fuel cells are technologies that convert chemical energy into electric power from hydrogen-enriched fuels. They are viewed as a more environmentally friendly way to supply energy due to the reduced carbon dioxide emissions. They are trusted to be a vital technology of future power production systems due to their high fuel-to-power conversion efficiency (~80%) with minimal adverse impact on the environment (Rostami et al. 2022). These fuel cells also do not need an external reformer, and all kinds of hydrogen-enriched fuels can be used in them. However, they have the highest operating temperature among other fuel cells, which is a major challenge in their commercialization (Rostami et al. 2022). Under the electrochemical processes of the solid oxide fuel cell, the air whose pressure has increased (point 9) is fed to the cathode and according to a reduction reaction, the mixed composition of oxygen gas and electrons are converted into oxygen ions (Alaswad et al. 2022):
Investigation of fuel composition and efficiency of solid oxide fuel cell with different methanol pretreating technologies
Published in International Journal of Green Energy, 2022
Yanxia Yin, Huiying Qi, Xin Su, Di Liu, Tonghuan Zhang, Shuna Han, Fujun Zhang, Baofeng Tu, Mojie Cheng
New energy conversion system is urgently needed to be developed for serious environmental problems caused by inefficient use of fossil energy. Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) has received growing interest due to its large fuel flexibility and high efficiency (Irshad et al. 2016). SOFC can directly utilize various complex fuels (Wu et al. 2018) such as methanol, ethanol, nature gas, and dimethyl ether, which are much readily available and safer to store, instead of hydrogen. Methanol is regarded as a prospective renewable fuel for SOFC, which can be easily synthesized from biomass, syngas from electrolysis, and so on. Methanol is the simplest liquid hydrocarbon fuel (Xu and Ni 2021) and has a relatively high volumetric energy density, which makes it convenient for handling, transportation, and storage (Yang et al. 2019), and thus methanol has become a competitive fuel for solid oxide fuel cell.