China
Africa
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Electrical power
Published in Andrew Livesey, Bicycle Engineering and Technology, 2020
In France, an electric bicycle is one which does less 25 Km/h (15.5 mph). EU regulations suggest that insurance is essential. In the United States, the regulations vary state by state; some states have very high cyclist casualty rates, probably attributable to high car density and the misuse of narcotics, which are readily available in these areas.
Electrification of Transportation
Published in Larry E. Erickson, Gary Brase, Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Improving Air Quality, 2019
People in the United States can purchase an electric bicycle for less than $3000, such as the e-bike marketed by Yamaha (Toll, 2018). In general, electric bicycles can be purchased and operated without a license and insurance in the USA, but there are both federal and state regulations that define e-bikes, and these are important to understand.
Electric motorcycles
Published in Andrew Livesey, Motorcycle Engineering, 2021
In France, an electric bicycle is one that does less 25 km/h (15.5 mph). EU regulations suggest that insurance is essential. In the United States, the regulations vary by state. Some states have very high cyclist casualty rates, probably attributable to high car density and the misuse of narcotics that are readily available in these areas.
Meeting the challenge of the second decade of road safety: evidence supported by quality research
Published in International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion, 2022
Use of electric bicycles (e-bicycles) is increasing in China as well as other countries. Electric bicycles can move at a speed of 25–30 kms per hour. The increase in number of crashes involving electric bicycles has become a concern for safety researchers. Jingfeng Ma et al., from China have studied the factors that contribute to crash severity of e-bicycles based on 15,138 crashes in the police-reported data in Shangyu District of Shaoxin City in China. The study reports that increasingly abnormal angles at intersections and interference of non-motorized vehicles result in e-bicycle crashes. Higher speeds also contribute to e bicycle crashes. As the number of e bicycles increase, the policy makers have to think carefully about mixing e-bicycles with other NMV users, use of helmets and appropriate intersection designs.