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Artificial Intelligence and Reducing Food Waste during Harvest and Post-Harvest Processes
Published in Biswaranjan Acharya, Satarupa Dey, Mohammed Zidan, IoT-Based Smart Waste Management for Environmental Sustainability, 2022
Ibrahim A. Abouelsaad, Islam I. Teiba, Emad H. El-Bilawy, Islam El-Sharkawy
The idea of using this technology began in a cotton gin device in 1794 by the inventor Eli Whitney (1765–1825) [14]. This machine was used to quickly separate the seeds from the cotton fiber, which revolutionized cotton production at that time. This was followed by a great development in agricultural robots in planting seeds and removing seeds employing infrared light [95]. Harvest robots operate in a very complex environment due to the large differences between crops in size, shape, color, and texture of fruits. Therefore, harvest robots that depend on machine vision should have the ability to collect information and adapt to detect the target of different crops and learn independently [96]. The robots, as intelligent automated machines, should have intelligent reasoning for decision making and a network transmission function for sending the fruit images to a data center or server [17,96,97]. Table 4.8 lists various agricultural harvesting robots.
The Lean Enterprise Operational Management System Overview
Published in Paul C. Husby, Jerome Hamilton, Make Your Business a Lean Business, 2017
Paul C. Husby, Jerome Hamilton
The first major contribution to Lean manufacturing practice was Eli Whitney’s innovation (1765–1825). An American inventor, pioneer, mechanical engineer, and manufacturer, Eli Whitney is best remembered for his cotton gin invention. He also affected U.S. industrial development by manufacturing government muskets in 1799. He translated interchangeable parts concepts into a manufacturing system, giving birth to American mass-production systems. Whitney saw an opportunity to become rich and increase Southern prosperity if a machine to clean seeds from cotton could be invented. He set to work at once and within days had drawn a sketch to explain his idea; 10 days later, he constructed a crude model that separated fiber from seed. His gin, however, was a minor accomplishment compared to perfecting interchangeable parts. Whitney developed a musket design with interchangeable parts after taking a U.S. Army contract to manufacture 10,000 muskets at a price of under $14.00 each.
Protein Adhesives
Published in A. Pizzi, K. L. Mittal, Handbook of Adhesive Technology, 2017
Charles R. Frihart, Linda F. Lorenz
Cotton is grown and used for its fiber, but the seeds need to be removed first; Whitney’s cotton gin, one of the most famous inventions, removes the seeds from the cotton, which eliminated hand separation. Since the seed is mainly a low-value but abundant by-product, research has been carried out to find a use for the cotton seed protein that is of higher value than being used in animal feeds. As with many other plant proteins, it has been investigated as an adhesive for wood bonding. Cottonseed meal proteins are fairly typical in composition for plant proteins, but have a higher arginine content (Table 5.7).
Comparing dryland cotton upland fibre quality from on-board spindle and stripper harvesting systems
Published in The Journal of The Textile Institute, 2021
M. H. J van der Sluijs, G. W. Roth
Mechanical cotton harvesters were developed and implemented in the early 1940s (Holley, 2000). Although only 30% of the cotton produced worldwide is harvested mechanically, some of the largest producers and exporters of cotton lint, such as the U.S., Australia and Brazil, harvest 100% of their seed cotton mechanically (Anon, 2016). The adoption of mechanical cotton harvesters was mainly due to an increase in cotton acreage and yield, which resulted in dramatic increases in production, as well as due to the shortage, unsuitability, inefficiency and cost of labour (Abernathy & Williams, 1961; Anon, 2004, 2016; Doraiswamy, Chellamani, & Pavendhan, 1993). Mechanical harvesting has had the greatest impact on cotton since the invention of the cotton gin, (Holley, 2000; Hughs, Valco, & Williford, 2008), although the quality of cotton harvested by hand is superior to that of mechanically harvested cotton. The introduction of mechanical harvesting, and the resultant practice of once over harvesting with the aid of chemical boll openers and defoliants, has led to trashier, more variable and sometimes a higher moisture content cotton being delivered to the gins (Doraiswamy et al., 1993; Williamson & Riley, 1961). Therefore, harvesting plays an important role in determining fibre and seed quality, as the quality of ginned cotton is directly related to the quality of seed cotton prior to ginning (Anon, 2001).
Comparison of the physical properties of cotton and sesame stalk pellets produced at different moisture contents and combustion of the finest pellets
Published in Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 2020
Hasan Yilmaz, Mehmet Topakci, Davut Karayel, Murad Çanakci
Researchers have studied various agricultural residues as pellet raw material and in ground form. Some researchers have studied the production of different forms of energy feedstock from cotton and sesame stalks using bioenergy conversion technologies in recent years (Al Afif, Pfeifer, and Pröll 2019; Bilgin 2010; Gebresas et al. 2015; Koteswararao, Narasimha Rao, and Venkateswara Rao 2018; Wang et al. 2016; Yang et al. 2018). (Holt, Blodgett, and Nakayama 2006) produced pellets using cotton gin machine wastes and their burning characteristics were investigated. El Saeidy (2004) and Bilgin (2010)’s study briquettes were produced from cotton stalks and their burning properties were determined. He et al. (2015) studied the gasification performance of cotton stalk pellets. In studies conducted for the evaluation of sesame stalks, briquettes were generally produced from sesame stalks (Gebresas et al. 2015; Tessema et al. 2019) or subjected to pyrolysis in ground form (Ateş, Pütün, and Pütün 2004).
Effect of ginning on tenacity, elongation and other fibre quality properties
Published in The Journal of The Textile Institute, 2020
Getnet Belay Tesema, Axel Drieling
Saw-type cotton gin together with saw-type lint cleaners have been the centre of attention regarding fibre damage in the ginning process for decades. Fibre damage (change in the length distribution pattern by creating more short fibres content and neps) as well as lower fibre strength is resulted due to the mechanical action of saw-type gins accompanied with saw-type lint cleaners (Sluijs, 2015; Thibodeaux, Hughs, & Insley, 2012).