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System Definition
Published in Douglas Brauer, John Cesarone, Total Manufacturing Assurance, 2022
Automated machining devices perform the same functions as traditional machine tools but are directed automatically with some sort of computer control, generally Computer Numerical Control (CNC). These machine tools can consist of traditional tools such as drill presses, vertical or horizontal milling machines, lathes, presses, and the like, or more modern devices, which combine several of these functions. The machines may operate upon a stationary workpiece positioned by the transfer mechanism or may have a built-in multiaxis positioning table to hold the work.
Introduction to Reliability Design of Mechanical System
Published in Seong-woo Woo, Design of Mechanical Systems Based on Statistics, 2021
A machine tool is usually a machine for forming or machining metal or other rigid materials by boring, cutting, shearing, grinding, etc. It utilizes some sorts of cutting or shaping tools. All machine tools have some ways of constraining the work piece and supply a guided movement of the parts of the machine. Therefore, the relative movement between the cutting tool (which is called the ‘tool path’) and the work piece is constrained or controlled by the machine to at least some extent, rather than being totally ‘freehand’ or ‘offhand’.
Effect of Manufacturing Processes on Design
Published in Mahmoud M. Farag, Materials and Process Selection for Engineering Design, 2020
Material removal or cutting processes are normally used to remove unwanted material in the form of chips by using cutting tools, which are mounted in machine tools. The traditional, basic machine tools are lathes, boring machines, shapers and planers, milling machines, drill presses, saws, broaches, and grinding machines. The productivity in cutting processes can be improved by using machining centers, which are single machines that can perform the functions of several basic machine tools. When cutting very hard metals or when machining intricate shapes and delicate parts, nontraditional or chipless processes can be used. These cutting methods include ultrasonic, electric discharge, electrochemical, chemical milling, abrasive jet, electro arc, plasma arc, electron beam, and laser cutting.
Modelling and online training method for digital twin workshop
Published in International Journal of Production Research, 2023
Litong Zhang, Yu Guo, Weiwei Qian, Weili Wang, Daoyuan Liu, Sai Liu
ELDTA is the general name of basic DTA units, including EDTA, ODTA and MDTA. EDTA is the representation of all kinds of equipment in the DT workshop. EDTA can be divided into machine tools, robots, conveying equipment, process equipment, IoT equipment, etc. Each of them contains subclasses, for example, machine tools including lathe, milling machine, drilling machine, grinding machine, gear machining machine, CNC machining centre and special machine. An EDTA composed of its DTI can be expressed as EDTAj = {e1, e2, … , ei, … ,en}(1 ≤ i ≤ n). Material is the general name of all materials transferred in the production line of DT workshop, including fuel, spare parts, semi-finished products, outsourcing parts, leftover materials and wastes inevitably produced in the production process. The mapping of the above DTI in a MDTA is expressed as MDTAj = {m1, m2, … , mi, … ,mn}(1 ≤ i ≤ n). Operators are an important part of the production line and can be classified according to their duties, posts and other standards. Based on the production characteristics of manufacturing, this paper collects the important characteristic attributes of operators and defines its DTA as a moveable unit that can perform certain operations, that is, an ODTA can be expressed as ODTAj = {o1,o2, … ,oi, … ,on}(1 ≤ i ≤ n).
Improved milling stability analysis for chatter-free machining parameters planning using a multi-fidelity surrogate model and transfer learning with limited experimental data
Published in International Journal of Production Research, 2023
Congying Deng, Jielin Tang, Sheng Lu, Ying Ma, Lijun Lin, Jianguo Miao
Machine tools play a significant role in the manufacturing industry since product quality and production efficiency highly depend on their performances. Nowadays, rapid developments in the industries like aerospace, shipbuilding, and automobile have driven the machine tool to pursuit its performance limit for improving quality and productivity (Liu, Zheng, and Xu 2021). However, this is usually hindered by the chatter which occurs even when the machine tool power is far from its rated value. Generally, chatter can cause a production failure for severe vibrations will deteriorate the surface quality, accelerate the tool wear, and shorten the lifespans of machine tool components (Liu, Kilic, and Altintas 2022; Deng et al. 2020). Extensive literatures indicate that an inappropriate selection of machining parameters is the main factor for induing a chatter. Machining parameters usually include the spindle speed, axial cutting depth, radial cutting width, and feed rate per tooth, and they are very important for the process planning since the machined surface quality and material removal rate directly depend on them. Therefore, considering the significance of focusing on the technical issue of the machining process itself in developing the Industry 4.0, the accurate decision-making on chatter-free machining parameters is discussed in this paper to benefit the process planning (Chen et al. 2021; Herwan et al. 2022).
Non-contact surface roughness evaluation of milling surface using CNN-deep learning models
Published in International Journal of Computer Integrated Manufacturing, 2022
A machine tool is a device for machining materials employing cutting, boring, grinding, shearing, etc. All machine tools have cutting tools that remove the material being processed. The machining quality (precision, surface quality, chip shape & size) of the part depends on a machine tool, cutting tool, or cooling methods. It also depends on process parameters like spindle speed, feed rate (also called table feed), depth of cut, machining time, and procedure variables like vibration, cutting force, cutting temperature, cutting speed, tool wear, material removal rate. Other non-controllable parameters such as geometric shape and workpiece materials contribute to the machining quality. The relationship between the controllable and uncontrollable factors is shown in Figure 1.